Impaired sustained attention and altered reactivity to errors in an animal model of prenatal cocaine exposure.

TL;DR: Evidence supports cocaine-associated deficits in attention processing through age 7 years as well as increases in response times for target tasks and decreased consistency in performance at age 7.

TL;DR: The feedback error-related negativity (fERN), an event-related potential (ERP) that occurs when an expected reward does not occur, was examined in a game in which choices lead to monetary gains and losses with feedback delayed 1 or 2 s.

TL;DR: In this cohort there is either no effect of GCE on NC function at middle school age, or that effect is less pronounced than the effect of age or childhood environment.

TL;DR: Children exposed prenatally to cocaine show deficits in emotion regulation and inhibitory control, and the importance of considering gender specificity in cocaine exposure effects is highlighted.

TL;DR: Various findings are reviewed in relation to the idea that ACC is a part of a circuit involved in a form of attention that serves to regulate both cognitive and emotional processing, and how the success of this regulation in controlling responses might be correlated with cingulate size.

TL;DR: Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and a task-switching version of the Stroop task were used to examine whether these components of cognitive control have distinct neural bases in the human brain and a double dissociation was found.

TL;DR: Results confirm that this region shows activity during erroneous responses, but activity was also observed in the same region during correct responses under conditions of increased response competition, which suggests that the ACC detects conditions under which errors are likely to occur rather than errors themselves.

TL;DR: It is suggested that maternal behavior serves to "program" hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to stress in the offspring.