Journal Article10.1002/CBIC.201402652
Identification of a new diterpene biosynthetic gene cluster that produces O-methylkolavelool in Herpetosiphon aurantiacus.
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TL;DR: This is the first report of the identification of a (+)‐O‐methylkolavelool biosynthetic gene cluster, and a new diterpene was indeed detected in H. aurantiacus cells.
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Abstract: Diterpenoids are usually found in plants and fungi, but are rare in bacteria. We have previously reported new diterpenes, named tuberculosinol and isotuberculosinol, which are generated from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene products Rv3377c and Rv3378c. No homologous gene was found at that time, but we recently found highly homologous proteins in the Herpetosiphon aurantiacus ATCC 23779 genome. Haur_2145 was a class II diterpene cyclase responsible for the conversion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate into kolavenyl diphosphate. Haur_2146, homologous to Rv3378c, synthesized (+)-kolavelool through the nucleophilic addition of a water molecule to the incipient cation formed after the diphosphate moiety was released. Haur_2147 afforded (+)-O-methylkolavelool from (+)-kolavelool, so this enzyme was an O-methyltransferase. This new diterpene was indeed detected in H. aurantiacus cells. This is the first report of the identification of a (+)-O-methylkolavelool biosynthetic gene cluster.
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The evolution of genome mining in microbes – a review
TL;DR: Different approaches of mining genomes for secondary metabolites are focused, from detecting biosynthetic genes to resistance based methods and "evo-mining" strategies including a short evaluation of the impact of the development of genome mining methods and tools on the field of natural products and microbial ecology.
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Expanding the Landscape of Diterpene Structural Diversity through Stereochemically Controlled Combinatorial Biosynthesis.
Johan Andersen-Ranberg,Kenneth T. Kongstad,Morten Thrane Nielsen,Niels Bjerg Jensen,Irini Pateraki,Søren Spanner Bach,Britta Hamberger,Philipp Zerbe,Dan Staerk,Jörg Bohlmann,Birger Lindberg Møller,Björn Hamberger +11 more
TL;DR: Stereoselective biosynthesis of over 50 diterpene skeletons was demonstrated, including natural variants and novel enantiomeric or diastereomeric counterparts, and Scalable biotechnological production for four industrially relevant targets was accomplished in engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Bacterial Diterpene Biosynthesis.
TL;DR: This review summarises recent developments in the biosynthesis of diterpenes by diterpene synthases in bacteria by breaking down the reaction mechanisms into simple linear precursors via cationic cascades into structurally complex carbon skeletons with multiple stereogenic centres.
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Bacterial terpene biosynthesis: challenges and opportunities for pathway engineering.
TL;DR: These engineered pathways will not only facilitate the rational creation of both known and novel terpenoids, their development will deepen the understanding of a significant branch of biosynthesis and empower a greater degree of engineering proficiency for non-natural terpene biosynthetic pathways.
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Diterpenoids of terrestrial origin
TL;DR: This review covers the isolation and chemistry of diterpenoids from terrestrial as opposed to marine sources and includes labdanes, clerodanes, abietanes, pimaranes, kauranes, cembranes and their cyclization products.
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References
Terpene Biosynthesis: Modularity Rules
Eric Oldfield,Fu Yang Lin +1 more
TL;DR: Progress in determining the structure and function of the two 4Fe-4S reductases involved in formation of the C(5) diphosphates in many bacteria, where highly modular structures are found are reviewed.
Increase of Solubility of Foreign Proteins in Escherichia coli by Coproduction of the Bacterial Thioredoxin
Takashi Yasukawa,Chie Kanei-Ishii,Toshio Maekawa,Jiro Fujimoto,Tadashi Yamamoto,Shunsuke Ishii +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the proteins produced in soluble form by coproduction of E. coli thioredoxin or Trx have the native protein conformation.
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Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants defective in the arrest of phagosome maturation
TL;DR: A genetic screen is developed that facilitates the isolation of mutants defective in arresting the maturation of their phagosomes from a library of transposon-mutagenized bacteria and clarifies the processes active in modulation of phagosome biogenesis by M. tuberculosis.
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Two rings in them all: The labdane-related diterpenoids
TL;DR: The potent biological activity of the “ancestral” gibBerellins, which has led to the independent evolution of distinct gibberellin biosynthetic pathways in plants, fungi, and bacteria, is further discussed as an archetypical example of the selective pressure driving the observed diversification of the large super-family of labdane-related diterpenoid natural products.
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