Journal Article10.1038/NM0498-403
Identification of a Human Population Infected With Simian Foamy Viruses
Walid Heneine,William M. Switzer,Paul Sandstrom,Jennifer Brown,Shanmugam Vedapuri,Charles A. Schable,Arifa S. Khan,Nicholas W. Lerche,Matthias Schweizer,Dieter Neumann-Haefelin,Louisa E. Chapman,Thomas M. Folks +11 more
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TL;DR: There is a substantial prevalence of infection with simian foamy viruses (SFV) among humans occupationally exposed to nonhuman primates and the infecting SFV originated from an African green monkey and baboons.
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Abstract: Studying the transmission of simian retroviruses to humans can help define the importance of these infections to public health. We identified a substantial prevalence (4/231, 1.8%) of infection with simian foamy viruses (SFV) among humans occupationally exposed to nonhuman primates. Evidence of SFV infection included seropositivity, proviral DNA detection and isolation of foamy virus. The infecting SFV originated from an African green monkey (one person) and baboons (three people). These infections have not as yet resulted in either disease or sexual transmission, and may represent benign endpoint infections.
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Citations
Emergence of unique primate T-lymphotropic viruses among central African bushmeat hunters
Nathan D. Wolfe,Walid Heneine,Jean K. Carr,Albert D. Garcia,Vedapuri Shanmugam,Ubald Tamoufe,Judith N. Torimiro,A. Tassy Prosser,Matthew LeBreton,Eitel Mpoudi-Ngole,Francine E. McCutchan,Deborah L. Birx,Thomas M. Folks,Donald S. Burke,William M. Switzer +14 more
TL;DR: The findings indicate that cross-species transmission is not the rate-limiting step in pandemic retrovirus emergence and suggest that it may be possible to predict and prevent disease emergence by surveillance of populations exposed to animal reservoirs and interventions to decrease risk factors, such as primate hunting.
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Naturally acquired simian retrovirus infections in central African hunters
Nathan D. Wolfe,William M. Switzer,Jean K. Carr,Vinod Bhullar,Vedapuri Shanmugam,Ubald Tamoufe,A. Tassy Prosser,Judith N. Torimiro,Anthony Wright,Eitel Mpoudi-Ngole,Francine E. McCutchan,Deborah L. Birx,Thomas M. Folks,Donald S. Burke,Walid Heneine +14 more
TL;DR: The findings show that retroviruses are actively crossing into human populations, and demonstrate that people in central Africa are currently infected with simian foamy virus.
456
The Human/Animal Interface: Emergence and Resurgence of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
TL;DR: The origins of major human infectious diseases are reviewed and the factors underlying disease emergence explored, with special emphasis on the pathogen with likely the greatest zoonotic potential, influenzavirus A.
Frequent Simian Foamy Virus Infection in Persons Occupationally Exposed to Nonhuman Primates
William M. Switzer,Vinod Bhullar,Vedapuri Shanmugam,Mian Er Cong,Bharat Parekh,Nicholas W. Lerche,Joann L. Yee,John J. Ely,Roumiana S. Boneva,Louisa E. Chapman,Thomas M. Folks,Walid Heneine +11 more
TL;DR: More frequent infection with SFV is documents than with other simian retroviruses in persons working with NHPs and provides important information on the natural history and species origin of these infections.
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Historical Perspective of Foamy Virus Epidemiology and Infection
TL;DR: While FV are ubiquitous in all nonhuman primates, they are only acquired as rare zoonotic infections in humans, as well as the lack of pathogenicity in natural, experimental, and zoonosis infections.
203
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