Identification and Characterization of Resistance of Three Aphid Species on Contrasting Alfalfa Cultivars
TL;DR: In this paper , a study was conducted in the laboratory for identification and characterization of resistance to these three pests among 16 of the main alfalfa cultivars planted in China, and the results indicated that different alalfa varieties have significantly different resistance levels to a particular species of aphid.
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Abstract: Simple Summary Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid, CPA), Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid, PA) and Therioaphis trifolii Buckton (spotted alfalfa aphid, SAA) are the three species of devastating pests on alfalfa in China. A study was conducted in the laboratory for identification and characterization of resistance to these three aphids among 16 of the main alfalfa cultivars planted in China. Resistance was indicated by antibiosis, antixenosis, and measuring feeding behavior using EPG (electrical penetration graph). The results indicated that different alfalfa cultivars have significantly different resistance levels to a particular species of aphid, and the same alfalfa variety also has different resistance to the three aphid species. Specifically, we evaluated the resistance of different alfalfa cultivars to CPA, which can help us for further study on the defense mechanism against CPA and for better management of this pest. Abstract Aphids on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) including Aphis craccivora Koch (cowpea aphid, CPA), Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (pea aphid, PA) and Therioaphis trifolii Buckton (spotted alfalfa aphid, SAA) cause significant yield losses worldwide. In this experiment, the development of these three species of aphids on 16 alfalfa cultivars was compared. The results showed that the plant cultivar had a significant influence on the development of aphids as there are significant differences in the body weight of aphids reared on different alfalfa cultivars. In addition, antibiosis between the alfalfa cultivars Pegasis and Gannong NO.9 and the three species of aphids was evaluated by measuring aphid body weight and fecundity. Antixenosis was measured using choice tests, and feeding behavior was quantified using electrical penetration graphs (EPG). The Pegasis cultivar was observed to have both antibiosis and antixenosis effects with CPA, but was susceptible to PA and SAA compared with the Gannong NO.9 cultivar. CPA had less mean body weight, less fecundity, and shorter feeding time on the Pegasis cultivar, and preferred to settle on Gannong NO.9 cultivar. In contrast, Gannong NO.9 exhibits antibiosis and antixenosis to PA and SAA compared with Pegasis, as shown by lower body weight, lower fecundity and chose to settle less often, but EPG data showed that PA and SAA showed no different significance in feeding behavior between Pegasis and Gannong NO.9.
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Citations
Aphid Resistance Evaluation and Constitutive Resistance Analysis of Eighteen Lilies
Yilin Liang,Peng Zhang,Liuyu Guo,Chen Wang,Yuchao Tang,Yufan Lu +5 more
TL;DR: Aphid resistance evaluation and constitutive resistance analysis of eighteen lilies revealed significant positive correlation between the number of aphids in the field and in the greenhouse. Among the 18 lilies, 'Palazzo', 'Nymph', 'Cameleon' and L. lancifolium were resistant to A. gossypii, while 'Black Beauty' and 'Magnefique' had poor resistance. The thickness of leaf palisade tissue was negatively correlated with the number of aphids.
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Use of hydroponics-based evaluation for phenotyping tolerance/susceptibility to the aphid, Uroleucon compositae and inheritance analysis of aphid tolerance in a global germplasm collection of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower)
Sapna Rawat,Manu Agarwal,Shailendra Goel,Arun Jagannath +3 more
TL;DR: A rapid, high-throughput hydroponics-based assay system that allows phenotyping of aphid tolerance/susceptibility in a large number of plants in a limited area, significantly reduces the time required to ~ 45 days and avoids inconsistencies observed in field-based studies is used.
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Mechanisms of aphid adaptation to host plant resistance.
TL;DR: This work highlights research in insect adaptation to plant resistance, and draws parallels to virulence adaptation within the Aphididae, since this group has the highest number of described virulent biotypes.
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Independent action and contrasting phenotypes of resistance genes against spotted alfalfa aphid and bluegreen aphid in Medicago truncatula
TL;DR: Host resistance to aphids is poorly understood; features of both resistance traits suggest homology to aphid resistance in other legumes; elucidation of their molecular mechanisms will likely apply to other aphid-plant interactions.
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