Hybrid biological, electron beam and zero-valent nano iron treatment of recalcitrant metalworking fluids.

TL;DR: In the prebiotic era, radiolytic transformations in the oceans played a key role in purifying water from toxic impurities and in the formation of the aquatic environment of the authors' planet, suitable for the emergence of life.

TL;DR: In this article, a nanoscale zero-valent iron core with a uniform iron oxide shell is formed and well dispersed on the organo-montmorillonite supports.

TL;DR: The paper illustrates the basic principles of radiolytic treatment of organic pollutants in water and wastewaters and specifically of one of its most practical implementations (electron beam processing).

TL;DR: In this article, the radiolytic methods of PFOS decomposition in aqueous solutions investigated in potential environmental applications are based on the use of gamma rays or a beam of accelerated electrons (EB) under different chemical conditions in irradiated solutions.

TL;DR: In this article, an efficient method of synthesizing nanoscale (1−100 nm) iron and palladized iron particles is presented, which is characterized by high surface area to volume ratios and high reactivities.

TL;DR: The reduction of chlorinated methanes in batch model systems appears to be coupled with oxidative dissolution (corrosion) of the iron through a largely diffusion-limited surface reaction.

TL;DR: Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) was synthesized and tested for the removal of As(III), which is a highly toxic, mobile, and predominant arsenic species in anoxic groundwater and suggests that NZVI is a suitable candidate for both in-situ and ex-Situ groundwater treatment due to its high reactivity.

TL;DR: The fundamental importance of being able to accurately predict the long-term physical, chemical and biological fate of contaminated sites following nZ VI treatment is emphasised and, as part of this, a universal empirical testing framework for nZVI is suggested.