How do environmental regulation and environmental decentralization affect green total factor energy efficiency: Evidence from China

TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors showed that the increase in the proportion of social insurance contributions crowds out the investment in technological advancement of private enterprises in the heavy pollution industry and hinders their technological progress.

TL;DR: Policy implications are proposed: increasing the level of fiscal expenditure of environmental pollution control and improving the central transfer payment system for environmental protection; reforming the government performance assessment system and innovating the conditions of government expenditure onEnvironmental pollution control; and promoting horizontal fiscal cooperation in cross-regional environmental governance.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the impact of digital finance on renewable energy technology innovation inequality using panel data from 30 regions in China from 2011 to 2018 and found that digital finance can alleviate inequality in renewable energy technologies innovation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the autoregressive error components model was extended with a linear generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator, which was shown to be equivalent to the optimal GMM estimator for the normal homoskedastic error component model.

TL;DR: The authors show that the Musgrave-Samuelson analysis, which is valid for federal expenditures, need not apply to local expenditures, and restate the assumptions made by Musgrave and Samuelson and the central problems with which they deal.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that the trade-off between environmental regulation and competitiveness unnecessarily raises costs and slows down environmental progress, and that instead of simply adding to cost, properly crafted environmental standards can trigger innovation offsets, allowing companies to improve their resource productivity.

TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between per capita income and various environmental indicators and found no evidence that environmental quality deteriorates steadily with economic growth, rather, for most indicators, economic growth brings an initial phase of deterioration followed by a subsequent phase of improvement.