Journal Article10.1063/1.1873044
Hollow nanostructures based on the Kirkendall effect: Design and stability considerations
King-Ning Tu,Ulrich Gösele +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple kinetic analysis of the reaction in nanoparticles, including the effect of the Gibbs-Thomson potential, is presented, and a general discussion on how to form hollow nanostructures utilizing the mechanism of the Kirkendall effect is given.
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Abstract: In nanoscale interdiffusion and reaction, a Kirkendall void in the core of a nanocrystal has been proposed to explain the formation of hollow nanosize particles in recent literature. We present here a simple kinetic analysis of the reaction in nanoparticles, including the effect of the Gibbs–Thomson potential. A general discussion on how to form hollow nanostructures utilizing the mechanism of the Kirkendall effect is given. Furthermore, we show that a hollow nanosize particle is thermodynamically unstable; a high-temperature aging will drive thermal vacancies to the outer surface and transform the hollow nanocrystal to a solid nanocrystal.
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Citations
Magnetic‐Dipolar‐Interaction‐Induced Self‐Assembly Affords Wires of Hollow Nanocrystals of Cobalt Selenide
TL;DR: Wires of hollow CoSe2 nanocry crystals form without loss of the preassembled nanostructure induced by the magnetic dipolar interactions of the cobalt nanocrystals through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect.
230
Nitrogen-coordinated single iron atom catalysts derived from metal organic frameworks for oxygen reduction reaction
Fei Xiao,Gui-Liang Xu,Cheng-Jun Sun,Mingjie Xu,Mingjie Xu,Wen Wen,Qi Wang,Meng Gu,Shangqian Zhu,Yueying Li,Zidong Wei,Xiaoqing Pan,Jian-Gan Wang,Jian-Gan Wang,Khalil Amine,Khalil Amine,Minhua Shao +16 more
TL;DR: In this article, a self-template for one-pot synthesis of a Fe-N-C catalyst consisting of uniformly dispersed Fe single atoms was proposed, which showed excellent ORR activities with half-wave potentials of 0.81 and 0.90 V in acidic and alkaline solutions, respectively.
220
Fabrication of Ti–Al Micro/ Nanometer‐Sized Porous Alloys through the Kirkendall Effect
TL;DR: In this paper, a new method based on the Kirkendall effect was developed to fabricate Ti-Al porous alloys with open pores and adjustable pore size for rugged environments.
199
Structural Evolution of Solid Pt Nanoparticles to a Hollow PtFe Alloy with a Pt-Skin Surface via Space-Confined Pyrolysis and the Nanoscale Kirkendall Effect
Qingmei Wang,Siguo Chen,Feng Shi,Ke Chen,Yao Nie,Yao Wang,Rui Wu,Jia Li,Yun Zhang,Wei Ding,Yang Li,Li Li,Zidong Wei +12 more
TL;DR: A space-confined interfacial conversion approach is developed to directly transform 3 nm solid Pt nanoparticles into a 5 nm hollow PtFe alloy featuring a Pt-skin surface with controlled size, structure, and composition.
174
Hollow Au@Pd and Au@Pt core–shell nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reactions
TL;DR: In this article, preparation of hollow Au@Pd and hollow porous Pd core-shell NPs and their use as electrocatalysts are reported, and they maintain better catalytic activities than metallic Pt, which is thought to be due to the better crystallinity of Pt shells as well as the alloy effect of Au cores.
155
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