Journal Article10.1080/10790268.1999.11719580
Heterotopic ossification: diagnosis and management, current concepts and controversies.
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TL;DR: Joint manipulation to produce pseudoarthrosis is not indicated in patients with SCI and role of other anti-inflammatories, radiation, and early surgical excision without bone maturity in these patients need to be studied further.
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Abstract: (1999). Heterotopic Ossification: Diagnosis and Management Current Concepts and Controversies. The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine: Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 273-283.
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Citations
Effectiveness and mode of action of a combination therapy for heterotopic ossification with a retinoid agonist and an anti-inflammatory agent.
TL;DR: C corticosteroids and Palovarotene appear to block HO via common and distinct mechanisms, most importantly, they directly or indirectly inhibit the recruitment of immune and inflammatory cells present at the affected site, thus alleviating the effects of key HO instigators.
References
Osteogenesis in transplants of bone marrow cells.
TL;DR: The population of bone marrow cells is very heterogeneous, including haemopoietic cells, reticular cells and endosteum elements, and some of the pathways of differentiation open to bone marrow tissue are stimulated, while others are arrested.
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A clinical perspective on common forms of acquired heterotopic ossification.
TL;DR: The patients seem recalcitrant to present treatment methods regardless of the HO etiology, and treatment modalities include diphosphonates, indomethacin, radiation, range of motion exercises, and surgical excision.
488
•Journal Article
Heterotopic bone formation: clinical, laboratory, and imaging correlation.
Joseph A. Orzel,Thomas G. Rudd +1 more
TL;DR: HBF mimics thrombophlebitis and should be considered in all patients referred for venography if the clinical situation is appropriate, and Serial SAP measurements and three-phase RNBI should allow early diagnosis in virtually all cases.
248
Clinical observations on fractures and heterotopic ossification in the spinal cord and traumatic brain injured populations.
TL;DR: In TBI open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) are recommended whenever possible to improve mobilization in the face of spasticity and the formation of heterotopic ossification (HO).
198
Early excision of heterotopic ossification about the elbow followed by radiation therapy
TL;DR: It seems that the generally recommended twelve to eighteen-month delay between injury and excision, to allow for maturation of heterotopic bone and thus to lessen the likelihood of recurrence, may be eliminated.
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