Heteropolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria.
Luc De Vuyst,Bart Degeest +1 more
827
TL;DR: Suggestions are made for strain improvement, enhanced productivities and advanced modification and production processes that may contribute to the economic soundness of applications with this promising group of biomolecules.
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Abstract: Microbial exopolysaccharides are biothickeners that can be added to a wide variety of food products, where they serve as viscosifying, stabilizing, emulsifying or gelling agents. Numerous exopolysaccharides with different composition, size and structure are synthesized by lactic acid bacteria. The heteropolysaccharides from both mesophilic and thermophilic lactic acid bacteria have received renewed interest recently. Structural analysis combined with rheological studies revealed that there is considerable variation among the different exopolysaccharides; some of them exhibit remarkable thickening and shear-thinning properties and display high intrinsic viscosities. Hence, several slime-producing lactic acid bacterium strains and their biopolymers have interesting functional and technological properties, which may be exploited towards different products, in particular, natural fermented milks. However, information on the biosynthesis, molecular organization and fermentation conditions is rather scarce, and the kinetics of exopolysaccharide formation are poorly described. Moreover, the production of exopolysaccharides is low and often unstable, and their downstream processing is difficult. This review particularly deals with microbiological, biochemical and technological aspects of heteropolysaccharides from, and their production by, lactic acid bacteria. The chemical composition and structure, the biosynthesis, genetics and molecular organization, the nutritional and physiological aspects, the process technology, and both food additive and in situ applications (in particular in yogurt) of heterotype exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria are described. Where appropriate, suggestions are made for strain improvement, enhanced productivities and advanced modification and production processes (involving enzyme and/or fermentation technology) that may contribute to the economic soundness of applications with this promising group of biomolecules.
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Citations
Production of hydrolases by lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria and their antibiotic resistance
TL;DR: It was demonstrated that bifidobacterium strains studied were resistant to amphotericin and aminoglycosides (gentamicin, kanamycin, and netromycin), and the preparations inhibiting protein synthesis at the level of ribosomes (lincomycin), RNA polymerase inhibitors (rifampin), cephalosporin, and Maxipime inhibited the growth of bifids.
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TL;DR: The monomer compositions of the EPSs formed by the six selected dairy propionibacteria strains were analyzed and may have applications as food grade additives and viscosity-stabilizing agents.
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TL;DR: P. fragi strains not only modified the amount, components, and surface properties of EPS but also changed the cell membrane compositions to adapt to MAP stress, suggesting that EPS may play an important role in microbial community competitions.
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Biotechnology of Microbial Exopolysaccharides
Ian W. Sutherland
- 26 Oct 1990
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the physical properties of polysaccharides, genetics and regulation of exopolysaccharide synthesis, and their uses in food, medical and industrial production.
315