Heavy metal toxicity and the environment.
TL;DR: This review provides an analysis of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury's environmental occurrence, production and use, potential for human exposure, and molecular mechanisms of toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity.
read more
Abstract: Heavy metals are naturally occurring elements that have a high atomic weight and a density at least five times greater than that of water. Their multiple industrial, domestic, agricultural, medical, and technological applications have led to their wide distribution in the environment, raising concerns over their potential effects on human health and the environment. Their toxicity depends on several factors including the dose, route of exposure, and chemical species, as well as the age, gender, genetics, and nutritional status of exposed individuals. Because of their high degree of toxicity, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury rank among the priority metals that are of public health significance. These metallic elements are considered systemic toxicants that are known to induce multiple organ damage, even at lower levels of exposure. They are also classified as human carcinogens (known or probable) according to the US Environmental Protection Agency and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This review provides an analysis of their environmental occurrence, production and use, potential for human exposure, and molecular mechanisms of toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Heavy metal pollution in the environment and their toxicological effects on humans
TL;DR: The physiological and biochemical effects of each heavy metal bioaccumulation in humans and the level of gravity and disquieting factor of the disease are shown.
2.8K
3d Transition Metals for C-H Activation.
Parthasarathy Gandeepan,Thomas Müller,Daniel Zell,Gianpiero Cera,Svenja Warratz,Lutz Ackermann +5 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview on first row transition metal catalysts for C-H activation until summer 2018 is provided.
1.8K
Toxic Mechanisms of Five Heavy Metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, and Arsenic.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the mechanistic action of heavy metals according to the available animal and human studies and found similar pathways for these metals to induce toxicity including ROS generation, weakening of the antioxidant defense, enzyme inactivation, and oxidative stress.
Remediation techniques for heavy metal-contaminated soils: Principles and applicability
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive assessment indicates that chemical stabilization serves as a temporary soil remediation technique, phytoremediation needs improvement in efficiency, surface capping and landfilling are applicable to small, serious-contamination sites, while solidification and vitrification are the last remediation option.
1.4K
Molecular Prevalence and Clinical Importance of Torque Teno Virus Infection in Thalassemia Patients as High Risk Individuals
Hassan Zabetian,Reza Sahraei,Hossein Hakimelahi,Alireza Yusefi,Mohammad Sadegh Sanie,Saeideh Erfanian,Abdolreza Sotoodeh Jahromi,Abdolali Sepidkar,Abdolhossien Madani,Farshid Kafilzadeh,Mohammad Kargar +10 more
TL;DR: The result showed that the prevalence of TTV in thalassemic patients in Jahrom is less than other studies in Iran and the mean ALT and AST values in TTV positive individuals were about 2 times more than in T TV negative individuals.
References
•Journal Article
Chemical and physical carcinogenesis: advances and perspectives for the 1990s.
TL;DR: Mechanistic understanding of carcinogenesis is leading to improved cancer risk assessment and to the identification of individuals at high cancer risk, and the mutational spectra of chemical and physical carcinogens in these critical genes are of interest to define endogenous and exogenous mutational mechanisms.
449
The prevalence of lead-based paint hazards in U.S. housing.
David E. Jacobs,Robert P. Clickner,Joey Y. Zhou,Susan M. Viet,David A. Marker,John W. Rogers,Darryl C. Zeldin,Pamela Broene,Warren Friedman +8 more
TL;DR: Public- and private-sector resources should be directed to units posing the greatest risk if future lead poisoning is to be prevented, and older units with lead-based paint hazards that either will be or are currently occupied by families with children under 6 years of age and are low-income and/or are undergoing renovation or maintenance that disturbs lead- based paint.
446
Essentiality and Toxicity in Copper Health Risk Assessment: Overview, Update and Regulatory Considerations
TL;DR: The preponderance of evidence suggests that deficiency is more of a public health concern than excess, and the range of potential health hazards associated with varying levels of intake is established.
443
•Book
Bioavailability: Physical, Chemical, and Biological Interactions
Jerry Hamelink,Harold L. Bergman,Peter F. Landrum +2 more
- 30 Sep 1994
TL;DR: Bioavailability reviews prevalent understanding of the physical-chemical-biological mechanisms that control the bioavailability of both organic and inorganic contaminants in aquatic environments as discussed by the authors, discusses the complex issues that surround many regulatory issues, and emphasizes the need to identify and control that portion of the total concentration that is biologically available and can cause adverse effects.
437