Gold nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy: applications and opportunities for multimodal cancer treatment.
Rachel S. Riley,Emily S. Day +1 more
TL;DR: Benefits of combining gold nanoparticle-mediated PTT with other treatment strategies can enhance the therapeutic success of both PTT and the secondary treatment while lowering the required doses of the individual agents, leading to fewer off-target effects.
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Abstract: Photothermal therapy (PTT), in which nanoparticles embedded within tumors generate heat in response to exogenously applied laser light, has been well documented as an independent strategy for highly selective cancer treatment. Gold-based nanoparticles are the main mediators of PTT because they offer: (1) biocompatibility, (2) small diameters that enable tumor penetration upon systemic delivery, (3) simple gold-thiol bioconjugation chemistry for the attachment of desired molecules, (4) efficient light-to-heat conversion, and (5) the ability to be tuned to absorb near-infrared light, which penetrates tissue more deeply than other wavelengths of light. In addition to acting as a standalone therapy, gold nanoparticle-mediated PTT has recently been evaluated in combination with other therapies, such as chemotherapy, gene regulation, and immunotherapy, for enhanced anti-tumor effects. When delivered independently, the therapeutic success of molecular agents is hindered by premature degradation, insufficient tumor delivery, and off-target toxicity. PTT can overcome these limitations by enhancing tumor- or cell-specific delivery of these agents or by sensitizing cancer cells to these additional therapies. All together, these benefits can enhance the therapeutic success of both PTT and the secondary treatment while lowering the required doses of the individual agents, leading to fewer off-target effects. Given the benefits of combining gold nanoparticle-mediated PTT with other treatment strategies, many exciting opportunities for multimodal cancer treatment are emerging that will ultimately lead to improved patient outcomes. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1449. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1449 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Citations
Microwave-triggered/HSP-targeted Gold Nano-system for Triple-negative Breast Cancer Photothermal Therapy
TL;DR: In vitro and in vivo results indicated that the induction through microwave irradiation could effectively activate the HSP70 overexpression in TNBC, thereby significantly improving the targeting ability, tumor accumulation and anti-tumor efficacy of cmHSP-AuNC.
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Self-Controlled Hyperthermia & MRI Contrast Enhancement via Iron Oxide Embedded Hydroxyapatite Superparamagnetic particles for Theranostic Application.
TL;DR: The potential of iron-oxide embedded hydroxyapatite (HAIO) superparamagnetic particles to deliver controlled hyperthermia and act as a negative MRI contrast agent is assessed.
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β-Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponges Functionalized with Drugs and Gold Nanoparticles.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a new nanomaterial based on β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (βCDNS) and two therapeutic agents, drugs and AuNPs.
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Natural Compounds as Promising Adjuvant Agents in The Treatment of Gliomas
TL;DR: The role of several natural substances in the treatment of glioblastoma is overviewed by considering the challenges to be overcome and future prospects and further clinical trials are necessary to confirm the in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties of natural compounds.
Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy: Focus on Gold Nanoparticles and Drugs
Andreia Carvalho,Alexandra R. Fernandes,Pedro V. Baptista +2 more
- 01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: This chapter shall discuss applications of nanoparticles with focus on AuNPs as efficient targeted (drug) delivery systems in cancer therapy, and may potentiate selective drug delivery, thus improving efficacy and reducing side effects.
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