Gold Nanoclusters as High Resolution NIR-II Theranostic Agents

TL;DR: Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) exhibit unique properties, promising applications in clean energy storage and environmental remediation, including enhanced Li-based battery performance, photocatalytic water splitting, and pollutant degradation, but require further toxicological assessments for sustainable development.

Abstract: The synthesis of gold nanoclusters (AuNC) is strongly influenced by various reaction conditions, and their optical properties are determined by factors such as the nature of the ligand and the measuring solvent, among others. To improve the efficiency of the synthesis of metallic gold nanoclusters with the desired functionality, the application of machine learning techniques is a smart choice. In this study, a model based on the GXBoost algorithm is proposed to predict the maximum emission wavelength of the AuNC emission from a database that includes more than 200 scientific articles. The validation of the model was carried out through the comparison of prediction versus experimental data (not included in the model) and the training and validation data. The model showed a percentage error of 1.7, 1.6, and 4.9%, respectively, indicating a reasonable return. Additionally, an independent regression was performed when the ligand was a thiolated compound different from GSH, obtaining a training and test error percentage of 0.01 and 3%, respectively. In addition, critical variables affecting the optical properties of nanoclusters were explored, and techniques such as One-Hot Encoding were used to prepare the data. Finally, this work not only underscores the relevance of AuNCs in modern science highlighted but also demonstrates the potential of machine learning as a predicting tool and design of materials in nanoscience, contributing to the optimization of their properties for future applications.

TL;DR: Recent advances in metal nanoclusters (NCs) synthesis and applications have led to improved efficiency, structural control, and environmental compatibility, enabling diverse applications in imaging, sensing, catalysis, and theranostics, with emerging methodologies driving functional potential in nanotechnology.

TL;DR: AuNCs are among the most stable metal nanoclusters and have attracted worldwide attention in the biomedical field due to their extraordinary physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: In this article , the photophysical properties of a variety of atomically precise gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) and their applications in photocatalytic reactions and related applications including solar energy conversion and photodynamic therapies are discussed.

TL;DR: This review aims to provide readers with the unique advantages, diversified application approaches, and bright application prospects of AuNCs in phototherapy and to provide insights into strategies for applying Au NCs to tumor phototherapy.

TL;DR: Fluorescence imaging is a feasible alternative radiological imaging modality to diagnose ureteropelvic junction obstruction and provides continuous, detailed imaging without the risk of radiation exposure.