Global and targeted gene expression and protein content in skeletal muscle of young men following short-term creatine monohydrate supplementation

TL;DR: Although presently ingesting creatine as an oral supplement is considered safe and ethical, the perception of safety cannot be guaranteed, especially when administered for long period of time to different populations (athletes, sedentary, patient, active, young or elderly).

Abstract: Systemic administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) produces parkinsonism in experimental animals by a mechanism involving impaired energy production. MPTP is converted by monoamine oxidase B to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), which blocks complex I of the electron transport chain. Oral supplementation with creatine or cyclocreatine, which are substrates for creatine kinase, may increase phosphocreatine (PCr) or cyclophosphocreatine (PCCr) and buffer against ATP depletion and thereby exert neuroprotective effects. In the present study we found that oral supplementation with either creatine or cyclocreatine produced significant protection against MPTP-induced dopamine depletions in mice. Creatine protected against MPTP-induced loss of Nissl and tyrosine hydroxylase immunostained neurons in the substantia nigra. Creatine and cyclocreatine had no effects on the conversion of MPTP to MPP+ in vivo. These results further implicate metabolic dysfunction in MPTP neurotoxicity and suggest a novel therapeutic approach, which may have applicability for Parkinson's disease.

TL;DR: One week of creatine supplementation (25 g/day) enhances muscular performance during repeated sets of bench press and jump squat exercise and results in a significant improvement in peak power output and repetitions.

TL;DR: Evidence suggests that maintaining protein intake during a period of disuse attenuates muscle disuse atrophy and can be applied to further aid in muscle mass preservation during disuse.

TL;DR: Oral supplementation with either creatine or cyclocreatine produced significant protection against MPTP-induced dopamine depletions in mice, and this results further implicate metabolic dysfunction in MPTP neurotoxicity and suggest a novel therapeutic approach, which may have applicability for Parkinson's disease.

TL;DR: Kinetic analysis of human Tdp1 shows that the enzyme has nanomolar affinity for all three substrates and the overall in vitro reaction is diffusion-limited, and new functional data provide a mechanistic understanding of the conserved histidine, lysine and asparagine residues found among all PLD family members.

TL;DR: The calcium‐sensing receptor (CASR) is a plasma membrane G protein coupled receptor that is expressed in the parathyroid hormone (PTH) producing chief cells of theParathyroid gland and the cells lining the kidney tubule that plays an essential role in maintaining mineral ion homeostasis.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation on sprint swimming performance and energy metabolism were examined in a double-blind study with 25-, 50-, and 100m swimmers on two occasions 7 d apart.