Genome-wide Methylation Profiles Reveal Quantitative Views of Human Aging Rates

TL;DR: The adaptive immune system has the enormous challenge to protect the host through the generation and differentiation of pathogen-specific short-lived effector T cells while in parallel developing long-lived memory cells to control future encounters with the same pathogen.

TL;DR: Higher DNAm GrimAge associates with lower cognitive ability and brain vascular lesions in older age, independently of early-life cognitive ability, and may aid in the prediction of age-related cognitive decline.

TL;DR: It is shown that additive genetic effects explain considerably more of the variance in gene expression than aging, but less that other environmental factors, potentially explaining why reliable expression-derived biomarkers for healthy-aging have proved elusive compared with those derived from methylation.

TL;DR: Before molecular age estimation from blood can eventually meet forensic practice, the proposed biomarkers should be tested further in larger sets of blood samples from both healthy and unhealthy individuals, and markers and genotyping methods shall be validated to meet forensic standards.

TL;DR: It is shown that the elastic net often outperforms the lasso, while enjoying a similar sparsity of representation, and an algorithm called LARS‐EN is proposed for computing elastic net regularization paths efficiently, much like algorithm LARS does for the lamba.

TL;DR: In comparative timings, the new algorithms are considerably faster than competing methods and can handle large problems and can also deal efficiently with sparse features.

TL;DR: Details of the aims and methods of Bioconductor, the collaborative creation of extensible software for computational biology and bioinformatics, and current challenges are described.

TL;DR: The theory of communication is extended to include a number of new factors, in particular the effect of noise in the channel, and the savings possible due to the statistical structure of the original message anddue to the nature of the final destination of the information.