Genetic Influences on Cost-Efficient Organization of Human Cortical Functional Networks
Alex Fornito,Andrew Zalesky,Danielle S. Bassett,David Meunier,Ian Ellison-Wright,Murat Yücel,Stephen J. Wood,Karen L Shaw,Jennifer A O'Connor,Deborah A. Nertney,Bryan J. Mowry,Christos Pantelis,Edward T. Bullmore +12 more
TL;DR: Evidence is reported that one such principle for functional cortical networks involves finding a balance between maximizing communication efficiency and minimizing connection cost, referred to as optimization of network cost-efficiency, which is consistent with the hypothesis that brain networks evolved to satisfy competitive selection criteria of maximizing efficiency and minimize cost.
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Abstract: The human cerebral cortex is a complex network of functionally specialized regions interconnected by axonal fibers, but the organizational principles underlying cortical connectivity remain unknown Here, we report evidence that one such principle for functional cortical networks involves finding a balance between maximizing communication efficiency and minimizing connection cost, referred to as optimization of network cost-efficiency We measured spontaneous fluctuations of the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal using functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy monozygotic (16 pairs) and dizygotic (13 pairs) twins and characterized cost-efficient properties of brain network functional connectivity between 1041 distinct cortical regions At the global network level, 60% of the interindividual variance in cost-efficiency of cortical functional networks was attributable to additive genetic effects Regionally, significant genetic effects were observed throughout the cortex in a largely bilateral pattern, including bilateral posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices, dorsolateral prefrontal and superior parietal cortices, and lateral temporal and inferomedial occipital regions Genetic effects were stronger for cost-efficiency than for other metrics considered, and were more clearly significant in functional networks operating in the 009-018 Hz frequency interval than at higher or lower frequencies These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that brain networks evolved to satisfy competitive selection criteria of maximizing efficiency and minimizing cost, and that optimization of network cost-efficiency represents an important principle for the brain's functional organization
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