Genetic analysis of chlorophyll synthesis and degradation regulated by BALANCE of CHLOROPHYLL METABOLISM.
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TL;DR: In this article , the authors performed genetic analysis to determine the functions of BALANCE of CHLOROPHYLL METABOLISM1 (BCM1) and BCM2, which control chlorophyll levels by regulating synthesis and degradation.
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Abstract: Chlorophyll serves a number of essential functions, capturing and converting light energy as a component of photosystem supercomplexes. Chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence is also required for adequate degeneration of chloroplasts and salvaging of nutrients from senescent leaves. In this study, we performed genetic analysis to determine the functions of BALANCE of CHLOROPHYLL METABOLISM1 (BCM1) and BCM2, which control chlorophyll levels by regulating synthesis and degradation, and STAY-GREEN1 (SGR1, also known as NON-YELLOWING1 [NYE1]) and SGR2, which encode Mg-dechelatase and catalyze chlorophyll a degradation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Analysis of bcm1 bcm2 revealed that both BCM1 and BCM2 are involved in the regulation of chlorophyll levels in presenescent leaves and chlorophyll degradation in senescing leaves. Analysis of bcm1 bcm2 nye1 nye2 suggested that BCMs repress chlorophyll-degrading activity in both presenescent and senescing leaves by regulating SGR activity. Furthermore, transactivation analysis and ChIP assay revealed that GOLDEN2-LIKE1 (GLK1), a central transcription factor regulating the expression of genes encoding photosystem-related proteins, such as light-harvesting Chl a/b-binding proteins (LHCPs), directly regulates the transcription of BCM1. LHCPs are stabilized by chlorophyll binding, suggesting that GLKs control the amount of LHCP through transcriptional and post-translational regulation via BCM-mediated chlorophyll-level regulation. Meanwhile, we generated a mutant of the BCM ortholog in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) by genome editing and found that it showed an early yellowing phenotype, but only a slight reduction in chlorophyll in presenescent leaves. Thus, this study revealed a conserved but slightly diversified regulation of chlorophyll and LHCP levels via the GLK-BCM pathway in eudicots.
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Citations
Enhancing the light reactions of photosynthesis: strategies, controversies and perspectives.
TL;DR: A review of the current state of the art in this area can be found in this article , where a number of approaches have been proposed, ranging from targeting single components to a comprehensive redesign of the whole process on the scales from single cells or tissues to whole canopies, from pigmentation, increasing levels of proteins, prolonging the lifespan of the photosynthetic machinery, and incorporating nanomaterials.
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Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on Agronomic Characters, Photosynthetic Performance and Anatomical Structure of Alfalfa in Northern Xinjiang, China
TL;DR: In this article , the authors conducted field fertilization experiments on alfalfa in the second and third years under drip irrigation, as well as measurement of the photosynthetic physiology, anatomical structure and agronomic traits of al-alfa at different levels of N (0, 120 kg·ha−1) and P2O5 ( 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg·a−1), and the results showed that the dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), net photoynthetic rate (Pn) and specific leaf weight (SLW) were increased by 2.10~11.12% in the N application treatment compared with the non-N application treatment.
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Identification of Photosynthesis Characteristics and Chlorophyll Metabolism in Leaves of Citrus Cultivar (Harumi) with Varying Degrees of Chlorosis
Bo Xiong,Ling Li,Qin Li,Huiqiong Mao,Yuhui Bie,L. Liao,Xun Wang,Honghong Deng,Mingfei Zhang,Guochao Sun,Zhihua Wang +10 more
TL;DR: In this article , the effects of different degrees of chlorosis on photosynthesis and the chlorophyll metabolism of leaves of Citrus cultivar (Harumi) were studied via field experiment.
Preharvest Application of Sodium Nitroprusside Alleviates Yellowing of Chinese Flowering Cabbage via Modulating Chlorophyll Metabolism and Suppressing ROS Accumulation.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of pre-harvest application of 50 mg L-1 sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) to the roots of Chinese flowering cabbage was investigated.
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Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit SGR Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation
TL;DR: In this paper , the STAY-GREEN (SGR) proteins play an important role in chlorophyll degradation and are closely related to plant photosynthesis and the availability of inadequate studies on SGR motivated us to conduct a comprehensive study on the identification and functional dissection of SGR superfamily members in kiwifruit.
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