Journal Article10.1002/ADFM.200700677
Functionalizing Carbon Nanotubes by Grafting on Intumescent Flame Retardant: Nanocomposite Synthesis, Morphology, Rheology, and Flammability†
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TL;DR: In this paper, an intumescent flame retardant, poly(diaminodiphenyl methane spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate) (PDSPB), has been covalently grafted onto the surfaces of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to obtain MWNT-PDSPBs and according nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending.
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Abstract: An intumescent flame retardant, poly(diaminodiphenyl methane spirocyclic pentaerythritol bisphosphonate) (PDSPB) has been covalently grafted onto the surfaces of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to obtain MWNT-PDSPB and according nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending. After high density PDSPB (65 wt %) were attached to the MWNTs, core-shell nanostructures with MWNTs as the hard core and PDSPB as the soft shell were formed. The resultant MWNT-PDSPB was soluble and stable in polar solvents, such as DMF. The optical microscopy and TEM results showed that the functionalized MWNTs can achieve better dispersion in ABS matrix. The linear viscoelastic behavior indicated that MWNT-PDSPB can form network structure at very low nanotube loading than un-functionalized MWNTs. The results of flammability showed that better flame retardancy was obtained for ABS/MWNT-PDSPB nanocomposites due to the better dispersion of MWNT-PDSPB in ABS matrix. The flammability of the composites is strongly dependent on the network structure of nanotubes which reduces the diffusion of volatile combustible fragments generated by polymer degradation which diffuse towards the surface of the burning polymer to evaporate to feed the flame. The grafting of intumescent flame retardant of PDSPB can improve both the dispersion of nanotubes in polymer matrix and flame retardancy of the nanocomposites.
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Citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the flammability, the combustion process, the quantity of residual chars, the morphology of the residual chars and the thermal stability of the chars have been investigated by cone calorimeter, scanning electron microscopy and thermo gravimetric analysis, which indicated that heat release rate, total heat released, and total smoke release (TSR) of EVA/IFR (IFR 30 phr) composite decrease to about 67.1, 78.2, and 64% of that of pure EVA, respectively.
Functionalization of carbon nanotubes for polymer nanocomposites
Yingkui Yang,P.R. China,X.-L. Xie,Yiu-Wing Mai +3 more
- 01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize various functionalization techniques, including non-covalent and covalent methodologies, with particular emphasis on the dispersion of CNTs and the interface interaction in polymer-CNT nanocomposites.
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