1. What is the focus of this study?
The focus of this study is to derive the rules for morphological parsing of Urdu regular verbs. A corpus of 1500 verbs is used to define the rule sets, which may help in creating a database for Functional Morphology (FM) of Urdu Regular Verbs. This study aims to separate morphology from syntax and semantics, allowing linguistic developers to focus on each component effectively. Morphology, a sub-discipline of computational linguistics, studies the internal structure of words and is crucial for developing natural language processing applications for a given language.
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2. What is Functional Morphology (FM) in Haskell?
Functional Morphology (FM) is a toolkit for developing morphologies in Haskell, a functional programming language. It is based on the idea of defining morphology using the high expressiveness provided by functional languages. FM library is a morphological component of Grammatical Framework (GF), a special-purpose programming language for grammars. FM implementation allows GF to seamlessly extend it from morphology to syntax and semantics, enabling linguistic developers to focus on each component more effectively. FM provides more control, freedom, and functionality for defining Haskell's powerful programming constructs, enabling morphology. (Humayon, 2006) .
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3. What is the pattern of Urdu verbs in continuous Singular feminine forms?
In Urdu, continuous Singular feminine verbs have unique affixes that differ from English verb forms. The root verb is followed by the affix 'ty' to create Imperative singular female forms. For example, 'dykhhty' is derived from the root verb 'dykhh'. Other examples include 'aty' from 'a khhty' and 'khhty' from 'khkh'. While auxiliaries of present and past define the time, the verb pattern remains consistent in both instances. This distinct pattern in Urdu verbs adds complexity to the language and requires a deeper understanding for effective communication and translation.
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4. How is the verb + past + singular + feminine form derived using affix y?
The verb + past + singular + feminine form is derived by adding affix y to regular root verbs. In present tense, it is usually followed by an auxiliary. However, in past tense, it is used only for plural masculine form. Verbs following this affixation pattern are usually singular feminine and fall under causative forms. They are often followed by tense auxiliary, such as gy'y. Examples include khhly'y, ply'y bly'y, where root verbs pl bl, khhl, follow affixation of .y'y. In sentences, these verbs follow the pattern gy'y ply'y gy'y, bly'y gy'y. However, when affix 'y'y comes just after a root verb, it forms feminine verb ay'y in past form. These combinations can be present as direct affixation with root verbs or through double affixation, as seen in cases like khhly'y bly'y, .ply'y tthly.
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