Journal Article10.2174/2212796810903020203
Functional Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan
Inmaculada Aranaz,Marian Mengíbar,Ruth Harris,Ines Panos,Beatriz Miralles,Niuris Acosta,Gemma Galed,Angeles Heras +7 more
TL;DR: A functional characterization of chitin and chitosan regarding some biological properties and some specific applications (drug delivery, tissue engineering, functional food, food preservative, biocatalyst immobilization, wastewater treatment, molecular imprinting and metal nanocomposites) is presented.
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Abstract: Chitin and its deacetylated derivative chitosan are natural polymers composed of randomly distributed � -(1-4)- linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). Chitin is insoluble in aqueous media while chitosan is soluble in acidic conditions due to the free protonable amino groups present in the D-glucosamine units. Due to their natural origin, both chitin and chitosan can not be defined as a unique chemical structure but as a fam- ily of polymers which present a high variability in their chemical and physical properties. This variability is related not only to the origin of the samples but also to their method of preparation. Chitin and chitosan are used in fields as different as food, biomedicine and agriculture, among others. The success of chitin and chitosan in each of these specific applica- tions is directly related to deep research into their physicochemical properties. In recent years, several reviews covering different aspects of the applications of chitin and chitosan have been published. However, these reviews have not taken into account the key role of the physicochemical properties of chitin and chitosan in their possible applications. The aim of this review is to highlight the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the polymers and their behaviour. A functional characterization of chitin and chitosan regarding some biological properties and some specific applications (drug delivery, tissue engineering, functional food, food preservative, biocatalyst immobilization, wastewater treatment, molecular imprinting and metal nanocomposites) is presented. The molecular mechanism of the biological properties such as biocompatibility, mucoadhesion, permeation enhancing effect, anticholesterolemic, and antimicrobial has been up- dated.
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Citations
Chitosan-based nanomaterials: A state-of-the-art review
TL;DR: Chitosan based nanomaterials have superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, porosity, tensile strength, conductivity, photo-luminescent as well as increased mechanical properties as comparison to pure chitOSan.
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Chitosan: An Overview of Its Properties and Applications.
Inmaculada Aranaz,Andrés R. Alcántara,Maria Concepción Civera,Concepción Arias,Begoña Elorza,Ángeles María Heras Caballero,Niuris Acosta +6 more
TL;DR: The use of chitosan in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and its use as support for biocatalysts is discussed in this article, where some of the main biological properties are discussed.
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Stability of chitosan-a challenge for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
TL;DR: The aim of this paper is to highlight the latest developments which enable the physicochemical properties of chitosan-based applications to be preserved upon storage and to cover the influence of internal, environmental, and processing factors on the long-term stability of ch itosan products.
742
Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan and its derivatives and their applications: A review
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack,Mohamed T. El-Saadony,Manal E. Shafi,Nidal M. Zabermawi,Muhammad Arif,Gaber El-Saber Batiha,Asmaa F. Khafaga,Yasmina M. Abd El-Hakim,Adham A. Al-Sagheer +8 more
TL;DR: The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of chitosan and its derivatives, including wound healing products, wastewater treatment, and cosmetics, have been highlighted and the impacts of ch itosan on physicochemical parameters like molecular weight and deacetylation degree on its bioactivities are identified.
615
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