Foliage application of selenium and silicon nanoparticles alleviates Cd and Pb toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

TL;DR: The application of nanotechnology in the field of agriculture as nanofertilizers or nanopesticides is receiving increased attention from regulatory agencies and research institutions worldwide as mentioned in this paper. But the application of nano-technology in agriculture is still in its infancy.

TL;DR: A meta-analysis showed that the effectiveness of liming on rice grain Cd reduction was affected by the experiment type, lime dosage, lime type, soil pH, rice cultivar, and soil total Cd and Zn content.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explore feasible technologies applicable to different risk lands and develop a practical solution for safe rice production at a regional scale, which can effectively improve the precision level of safe utilization of regional polluted lands and save more than half of the total cost.

Abstract: In the current study, we synthesized nano zinc sulfide (nZnS) and studied the effects of root zone (RZ) and foliar application (FS) of nZnS (0 and 50 mg/L) on cadmium (Cd) stressed maize (0 and 1 mM CdCl₂) using completely randomized design (CRD). After 20 d of nZnS supplementation, growth and biochemical responses were recorded. The study highlights the critical issue of Cd stress in maize and investigates how nZnS influences plant tolerance mechanisms. We explored the novelty of application of RZ and FS of nZnS, focusing on its role in Cd/Zn homeostasis, growth and stress resilience. The RZ supplementation with nZnS recovered growth and enhanced maize protein and phenolic content under Cd stress. Exogenous application of nZnS improved chlorophyll under Cd stress. Whereas, exposure to Cd stress markedly reduced Zn in shoots (0.0015 mg/g DW; -99.1%) compared to the control (0.186 mg/g DW). The nZnS application enhanced Zn fraction in shoots (2.03 mg/g DW by RZ; and 1.46 mg/g DW by FS), especially in Cd-stressed plants (2.68 mg/g DW by RZ; and 2.36 mg/g DW) by FS. Exposure to Cd stress resulted in an increased shoot Cd fraction (0.376 mg/g DW), which was further increased by root zone nZnS supply (0.673 mg/g DW; +44.0% compared to Cd-stressed plants. Foliar application of nZnS also enhanced the Cd concentration in the shoots (0.579 mg/g DW; +35.0% compared to the Cd-stressed plants). Although the Cd fraction was synergistically increased due to nZnS supply which can be explained based on Cd/Zn homeostasis reinforced by sulfur (S) supply. In conclusion, the use of nZnS alleviated Cd stress in maize, suggesting that it is an effective strategy for improving Cd tolerance in crops like maize.

TL;DR: The role of important factors such as solution ionic strength, pH, and particle surface chemistry that control nanoparticle dispersion was examined in this article, where the size and zeta potential of four TiO2 and three quantum dot samples dispersed in different solutions (including one physiological medium) were characterized.

TL;DR: In this article, a member of the Nramp (for the Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein) family (Nramp5) was found to be involved in Mn uptake and subsequently the accumulation of high concentrations of Mn in rice.

TL;DR: Recent studies on rice (Oryza sativa) and Cd-hyperaccumulating plants that have led to important insights into the processes controlling the passage of Cd from the soil to edible plant organs are reviewed.

TL;DR: Investigation of variation in the assimilation and translocation of arsenic in commercially farmed temperate rice, wheat, and barley found that the risk posed by As in the human food-chain needs to be considered in the context of anaerobic verses aerobic ecosystems.