Fluvial processes and landforms
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TL;DR: The period 1965-2000 saw a sustained increase in research and publication on fluvial processes and landforms as discussed by the authors , with important contributions from hydraulic engineers, geologists and physical geographers.
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Abstract: The period 1965-2000 saw a sustained increase in research and publication on fluvial processes and landforms. The trend toward generalisation and/or mechanistic understanding, rather than site-specific history, continued. Research was multi-disciplinary, with important contributions from hydraulic engineers, geologists and physical geographers and from experimental and theoretical approaches as well as geomorphological and sedimentological fieldwork. Rapidly increasing computer power underpinned new measurement methods and greatly increased the scope of data analysis and numerical modelling. There were major advances in understanding the interaction of river process and form at reach scale, with growing recognition of differences between sand-bed and coarse-bed rivers. Field studies outside Europe and North America led to greater awareness of the diversity of river planforms and deposition landforms. Conceptual models of how rivers respond to natural or anthropogenic change in boundary conditions at different timescales were refined, taking advantage of studies of response to land use change, major floods, and volcanic eruptions. Dating of sediments allowed greater appreciation of fluctuations in the incidence of extreme driving events over centuries and thousands of years. Towards the end of the period research on bedrock rivers began to take off.
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References
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Fluvial Processes in Geomorphology
Luna Bergere Leopold,M. Gordon Wolman,John P. Miller +2 more
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World-Wide Delivery of River Sediment to the Oceans
John D. Milliman,Robert H. Meade +1 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that rivers with large sediment loads (annual discharges greater than about $15 \times 10^{6}$ tons) contribute about $7 −times 10 −9$ tons of suspended sediment to the ocean yearly.
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Geomorphic/Tectonic Control of Sediment Discharge to the Ocean: The Importance of Small Mountainous Rivers
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The hydraulic geometry of stream channels and some physiographic implications
Luna Bergere Leopold,Thomas Maddock +1 more
- 01 Jan 1953
TL;DR: In this paper, the hydraulic characteristics of stream channels are measured quantitatively and vary with discharge as simple power functions at a given river cross section, and similar variations in relation to discharge exist among the cross sections along the length of a river under the condition that discharge at all points is equal in frequency of occurrence.