Fetal Inflammatory Response and Brain Injury in the Preterm Newborn
Shadi N. Malaeb,Olaf Dammann +1 more
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TL;DR: In the early stages of preterm birth, maternal/fetal inflammatory responses are often followed by a systemic fetal inflammatory response characterized by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the fetal circulation.
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Abstract: Preterm birth can be caused by intrauterine infection and maternal/fetal inflammatory responses. Maternal inflammation (chorioamnionitis) is often followed by a systemic fetal inflammatory response characterized by elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the fetal circulation. The inflammation signal is likely transmitted across the blood-brain barrier and initiates a neuroinflammatory response. Microglial activation has a central role in this process and triggers excitotoxic, inflammatory, and oxidative damage in the developing brain. Neuroinflammation can persist over a period of time and sensitize the brain to subinjurious insults in early and chronic phases but may offer relative tolerance in the intermediate period through activation of endogenous anti-inflammatory, protective, and repair mechanisms. Neuroinflammatory injury not only destroys what exists but also changes what develops.
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Citations
Systemic inflammation disrupts the developmental program of white matter
Géraldine Favrais,Yohan van de Looij,Bobbi Fleiss,Nelina Ramanantsoa,Nelina Ramanantsoa,Philippe Bonnin,Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger,Adrien Lacaud,Elie Saliba,Olaf Dammann,Olaf Dammann,Olaf Dammann,Jorge Gallego,Jorge Gallego,Stéphane Sizonenko,Henrik Hagberg,Henrik Hagberg,Vincent Lelievre,Pierre Gressens +18 more
TL;DR: The goal of the present study was to test the hypothesis that moderate systemic inflammation is sufficient to alter white matter development.
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Inflammation and preterm birth.
TL;DR: An overview of recent clinical and animal model data focused on the inter play between infection‐driven inflammation and induction of preterm birth is provided and critical gaps in knowledge are highlighted that warrant future investigations into the interplay between immune responses and induction.
273
Inflammatory responses in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Fudong Liu,Louise D. McCullough +1 more
TL;DR: The key components of inflammation, including immune cells, adhesion molecules, cytokines, chemokines and oxidative stress, will be reviewed, and the differences between neonatal and adult inflammatory responses to cerebral ischemic injury will also be discussed.
271
Chorioamnionitis as a Risk Factor for Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis
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TL;DR: In this paper, a meta-analysis indicates that chorioamnionitis is a risk factor for cerebral palsy and cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL) in both preterm and full-term infants.
265
The Impact of Systemic Inflammation on Neurodevelopment.
TL;DR: The potential mechanisms by which inflammatory molecules can exert their effects on the developing brain are discussed and the roles of MHC class I molecules, the HPA axis, glial cells, and monoamine metabolism are considered.
262
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Maternal intrauterine infection, cytokines, and brain damage in the preterm newborn
Olaf Dammann,Alan Leviton +1 more
TL;DR: Unifying models postulate how proinflammatory cytokines might lead to IVH and neonatal white matter damage during prenatal maternal infection and intervene to prevent later disability in those born near the end of the second trimester.