Facial width-to-height ratio relates to alpha status and assertive personality in capuchin monkeys.
Carmen E. Lefevre,Vanessa A. D. Wilson,F. Blake Morton,Sarah F. Brosnan,Annika Paukner,Timothy C. Bates +5 more
TL;DR: Examination of within-species links between fWHR and dominant behaviour in 64 brown capuchin monkeys suggests a developmental change may occur during puberty, and the first report of an association between face shape and behaviour in a non-human species is reported.
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Abstract: Social dominance hierarchies play a pivotal role in shaping the behaviour of many species, and sex differences within these hierarchies often exist. To date, however, few physical markers of dominance have been identified. Such markers would be valuable in terms of understanding the etiology of dominant behaviour and changes in social hierarchies over time. Animals may also use such traits to evaluate the potential dominance of others relative to themselves (i.e. a physical “cue”). Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR), for example, has been suggested as a cue to dominance in humans, with links to both dominant behaviour and the perception of dominance in other individuals. Whether this association is present in non-human animals is currently not known. Therefore, here we examine within-species links between fWHR and dominant behaviour in 64 brown capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) aged between 2 and 40 years. fWHR was positively associated with alpha status and with a dimensional rating of assertive personality in both males and females. Moreover, fWHR showed significant sexual dimorphism in adults but not juveniles, suggesting a developmental change may occur during puberty. In a sub-sample, sex differences were mediated by weight, suggesting fWHR dimorphism does not exceed what would be expected by differences in body weight. This is the first report of an association between face shape and behaviour in a non-human species. Results are discussed in terms of the role that face-behaviour associations might play within capuchin societies, and the possible selective forces that might have led to the evolution of fWHR-dominance associations in humans.
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Face of a fighter: Bizygomatic width as a cue of formidability.
Samuele Zilioli,Aaron Nathaniel Sell,Michael Stirrat,Justin Jagore,William Vickerman,Neil V. Watson +5 more
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Does the facial width-to-height ratio map onto variability in men's testosterone concentrations?
Brian M. Bird,Valeska S. Cid Jofré,Shawn N. Geniole,Keith M. Welker,Samuele Zilioli,Dario Maestripieri,Steven Arnocky,Justin M. Carré +7 more
TL;DR: A more powerful test of the second model is provided by examining the relationship between fWHR, baseline testosterone, and competition-induced testosterone reactivity, across seven diverse samples of men.
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Facial Structure Is a Reliable Cue of Aggressive Behavior
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the facial width-to-height ratio may be a cue used to predict propensity for aggression in others.
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David's score: a more appropriate dominance ranking method than Clutton-Brock et al.'s index
Martin P. Gammell,Martin P. Gammell,Han de Vries,Dómhnall J. Jennings,Dómhnall J. Jennings,Caitríona M. Carlin,Caitríona M. Carlin,Thomas J. Hayden,Thomas J. Hayden +8 more
TL;DR: There are many procedures, of varying complexity, forranking the members of a social group in a domi-nance hierarchy, and two relatively simple, and somewhat similar,ranking methods belonging to the latter type are Clutton-Brock et al.
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Adaptive radiations of neotropical primates
Marilyn A. Norconk,Alfred L. Rosenberger,Paul A. Garber +2 more
- 01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: New Perspectives on the Pithecines (Pithecia, Cacajao, Chiropotes, Callicebus, Aotus) and the Evolution of Positional Behavior in the Saki-Uakaris S.L. Rosenberger.
357
How different are robust and gracile capuchin monkeys? An argument for the use of sapajus and cebus.
TL;DR: Morphological data support the division of capuchin monkeys into two genera, Sapajus Kerr, 1792, for robust capuchins and Cebus Erxleben, 1777, for gracilecapuchins, based on a review of extensive morphological, genetic, behavioral, ecological, and biogeographic evidence.
350
Telling facial metrics: facial width is associated with testosterone levels in men
TL;DR: Evidence that testosterone is linked to fWHR is provided and the status of sexual dimorphism as a proxy measure of testosterone is questioned, suggesting that facial width (scaled by two measures of facial height) is associated with testosterone.
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