Expression and function of the bile acid receptor TGR5 in Kupffer cells.

TL;DR: Enterohepatic circulation of bile acids from the liver to intestine and back to the liver plays a central role in nutrient absorption and distribution, and metabolic regulation and homeostasis.

TL;DR: This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro and how closely hepatoma, stem cell and iPS cell–derived hepatocyte-like-cells resemble real hepatocytes.

TL;DR: This review covers the roles of specific bile acids, synthetic agonists, and their cognate receptors in controlling these diverse functions, as well as their current use in treating human diseases.

TL;DR: The mechanisms by which dysfunctional adipose tissue simultaneously promote T2DM and CVD, focusing on adipose tissues depot-specific adipokines, inflammatory profiles, and metabolism, will be the focus of this review.

TL;DR: Results provide evidence for a nuclear bile acid signaling pathway that may regulate cholesterol homeostasis and modulated interaction of FXR with a peptide derived from steroid receptor coactivator 1.

TL;DR: It is found that a novel G protein-coupled receptor, TGR5, is responsive to bile acids as a cell-surface receptor, and was abundantly expressed in monocytes/macrophages in human and rabbit.

TL;DR: This review addresses recent advances in specific mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, including inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout mice, where nitration is prevented, but unscavenged superoxide production then causes toxic lipid peroxidation to occur instead.

TL;DR: A novel category of bile acid receptor, a membrane-type G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), BG37 was detected in various specific tissues, suggesting its physiological role, although it remains to be further characterized.