Exosomes: extracellular organelles important in intercellular communication.

TL;DR: Three approaches in the liquid biopsy field are summarized: circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell free DNA (cfDNA) and exosomes, which have the potential to help clinicians screen for disease, stratify patients to the best treatment and monitor treatment response and resistance mechanisms in the tumor.

TL;DR: An overview on the involvement of secretory factors including exosomes and miRNA in the regulation of cellular senescence is given, demonstrating the potential role of exosome and miRNAs in biological processes and signaling pathways of senescences and aging.

TL;DR: The effects of GC-derived EVs to the tumor microenvironment are summed up and how the bidirectional communication between tumor and microenvironment affect GC growth, metastatic behavior, immune response, and drug resistance is discussed.

TL;DR: This study identifies a novel pathway through which PCa selectively metastasizes to bone by identifying exosomes that transfer pyruvate kinase M2 to BMSCs, which in turn produce CXCL12 that promotes PCa invasion and growth

TL;DR: It is shown, in detailed studies of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells in 104 individuals affected with ovarian carcinoma, that human tumor T Reg cells suppress tumor-specific T cell immunity and contribute to growth of human tumors in vivo.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy that the limiting membrane of MIICs can fuse directly with the plasma membrane, resulting in release from the cells of internal MHC class II-containing vesicles, suggesting a role for exosomes in antigen presentation in vivo.

TL;DR: Crosstalk between multiple Rab GTPases through shared effectors, or through effectors that recruit selective Rab activators, ensures the spatiotemporal regulation of vesicle traffic.

TL;DR: It is found that cargo is segregated into distinct subdomains on the endosomal membrane and that the transfer of exosome-associated domains into the lumen of theendosome did not depend on the function of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery, but required the sphingolipid ceramide.