Exocytosis: a molecular and physiological perspective.
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TL;DR: Some of the recent advances in Ca microdomains are summarized and P/Q-type high-voltage-activated Ca channels, ascurrent directions of research in this active field are indicated.
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About: This article is published in Neuron. The article was published on 01 Dec 1996. and is currently open access. The article focuses on the topics: Perspective (graphical).
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Citations
Miniature Transmitter Release: Accident of Nature or Careful Design?
Yo Otsu,Timothy H. Murphy +1 more
TL;DR: Miniature transmitter release results from the constitutive low-level release of individual vesicles of neurotransmitter, which is thought to reflect a leaky evoked-release mechanism.
40
Ca2+ dynamics at the frog motor nerve terminal.
Shinichi Suzuki,Makoto Osanai,Masaki Murase,Naoya Suzuki,Koumin Ito,Tetsuya Shirasaki,Kazuhiko Narita,Kiyoshi Ohnuma,Kenji Kuba,Hiromasa Kijima +9 more
TL;DR: Ca2+ transients in the frog motor nerve terminals are primarily caused by Ca2+ entry and are dissipated by three components, in which the rate of the fast component is equivalent to that of free Ca2- diffusion.
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Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
TL;DR: An amplification of somatic incomplete spikes into axonal complete ones makes sequential spikes to activate consistent synaptic transmission, suggesting neuronal encoding is likely based on spike timing order, instead of graded analogues.
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Regulation of exocytosis via release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores
Frederick W. Tse,Amy Tse +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that in both pancreatic acinar cells and pituitary gonadotrophs the IP(3)-sensitive stores may be in close proximity to the sites of exocytosis such that the concentration of Ca(2+) at these sites are transiently much higher than the average cytosolic Ca( 2+) concentration.
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All classes of calcium channel couple with equal efficiency to exocytosis in rat melanotropes, inducing linear stimulus-secretion coupling.
TL;DR: It is suggested that the linear relationship between Ca2+ entry and secretion observed under physiological conditions (during APs), results from the equal strength with which LVA and HVA channels in melanotropes couple to exocytosis, which guarantees that secretion takes place over the entire duration of the AP.
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References
Synaptotagmin I: a major Ca2+ sensor for transmitter release at a central synapse.
Martin Geppert,Yukiko Goda,Robert E. Hammer,Cai Li,Thomas W. Rosahl,Charles F. Stevens,Thomas C. Südhof +6 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that synaptotagmin I is the major low affinity Ca2+ sensor mediating Ca2-regulation of synchronous neurotransmitter release in hippocampal neurons and not essential for asynchronous or Ca(2+)-independent release.
1.5K
Synaptic Vesicle Phosphoproteins and Regulation of Synaptic Function
TL;DR: Current understanding of the mechanism by which synapsin I modulates communication between nerve cells is described and the properties and putative functions of other phosphoproteins associated with synaptic vesicles are reviewed.
1.3K
Definition of the Readily Releasable Pool of Vesicles at Hippocampal Synapses
TL;DR: It is found that hypertonic solutions do not act through changes in intracellular calcium, which means that the synaptic release probability depends on the size of the readily releasable pool.
1.1K
Roles of N-type and Q-type Ca2+ channels in supporting hippocampal synaptic transmission
TL;DR: A role for alpha 1A subunits in synaptic transmission is suggested and the idea that neurotransmitter release may depend on multiple types of calcium channels under physiological conditions is supported.
999
Calcium dependence of the rate of exocytosis in a synaptic terminal
TL;DR: A given synaptic vesicle can exocytose with high probability within a few hundred microseconds, if [Ca2+]i rises above lOOµM, and these properties provide for the extremely rapid signalling required for neuronal communication.
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