Journal Article10.1152/JAPPLPHYSIOL.00359.2005
Exercise training in normobaric hypoxia in endurance runners. III. Muscular adjustments of selected gene transcripts
Joffrey Zoll,Elodie Ponsot,Stéphane P. Dufour,Stéphane Doutreleau,Renée Ventura-Clapier,Michael Vogt,Hans Hoppeler,Ruddy Richard,Martin Flück +8 more
TL;DR: The addition of short hypoxic stress to the regular endurance training protocol induces transcriptional adaptations in skeletal muscle of athletic subjects, resulting in improved endurance performance in hypoxia-trained subjects.
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Abstract: We hypothesized that specific muscular transcript level adaptations participate in the improvement of endurance performances following intermittent hypoxia training in endurance-trained subjects. Fifteen male high-level, long-distance runners integrated a modified living low-training high program comprising two weekly controlled training sessions performed at the second ventilatory threshold for 6 wk into their normal training schedule. The athletes were randomly assigned to either a normoxic (Nor) (inspired O2 fraction = 20.9%, n = 6) or a hypoxic group exercising under normobaric hypoxia (Hyp) (inspired O2 fraction = 14.5%, n = 9). Oxygen uptake and speed at second ventilatory threshold, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), and time to exhaustion (Tlim) at constant load at VO2 max velocity in normoxia and muscular levels of selected mRNAs in biopsies were determined before and after training. VO2 max (+5%) and Tlim (+35%) increased specifically in the Hyp group. At the molecular level, mRNA concentrations of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (+104%), glucose transporter-4 (+32%), phosphofructokinase (+32%), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (+60%), citrate synthase (+28%), cytochrome oxidase 1 (+74%) and 4 (+36%), carbonic anhydrase-3 (+74%), and manganese superoxide dismutase (+44%) were significantly augmented in muscle after exercise training in Hyp only. Significant correlations were noted between muscular mRNA levels of monocarboxylate transporter-1, carbonic anhydrase-3, glucose transporter-4, and Tlim only in the group of athletes who trained in hypoxia (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the addition of short hypoxic stress to the regular endurance training protocol induces transcriptional adaptations in skeletal muscle of athletic subjects. Expressional adaptations involving redox regulation and glucose uptake are being recognized as a potential molecular pathway, resulting in improved endurance performance in hypoxia-trained subjects.
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Citations
Cycling performance following adaptation to two protocols of acutely intermittent hypoxia.
TL;DR: Acutely intermittent hypoxia produced substantial enhancement in endurance performance, but the relative benefit of 3- vs 5-min exposure intervals remains unclear.
33
Altitude, Exercise, and Skeletal Muscle Angio-Adaptive Responses to Hypoxia: A Complex Story.
Pierre Lemieux,Olivier Birot +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the major skeletal muscle angio-adaptive responses to hypoxia is presented, including existing controversies in the field of angioadaptation.
Effects of Repeated-Sprint Training in Hypoxia on Tennis-Specific Performance in Well-Trained Players
Cyril Brechbuhl,Franck Brocherie,Grégoire P. Millet,Laurent Schmitt +3 more
- 25 Sep 2018
TL;DR: Greater improvement in some tennis-specific physical and technical parameters was observed after only 5 sessions of RSH vs. RSN in well-trained tennis players.
Muscle bioenergetics and metabolic control at altitude.
TL;DR: Findings such as improved metabolic efficiency of locomotion in chronic hypoxia, origin and significance of an apparent misnomer such as the so-called "lactate paradox", and the physiological meaning of the muscle mitochondrial mass reduction in both altitude natives and acclimatized lowlanders are reviewed.
30
The Effects of Intermittent Hypoxic Training on Anaerobic and Aerobic Power in Boxers
Tadeusz Ambroży,Marcin Maciejczyk,Andrzej Klimek,Szczepan Wiecha,Arkadiusz Stanula,Piotr Snopkowski,Tomasz Pałka,Janusz Jaworski,Dorota Ambroży,Łukasz Rydzik,Wojciech J. Cynarski +10 more
TL;DR: In both groups, no significant changes in endurance performance were noted after the training session – peak oxygen uptake did not significantly vary after IHT, as the IHT seems to be effective in improving anaerobic performance among boxers.
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