Exercise Intervention in PTSD: A Narrative Review and Rationale for Implementation.
TL;DR: A review of existing literature exploring aerobic exercise and PTSD and briefly discuss potential mechanisms of PTSD symptom reduction can be found in this article, where the authors provide encouraging evidence that aerobic exercise interventions alone or as an adjunct to standard treatment may positively impact PTSD symptoms.
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Abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prominent mental health problem in veteran and community populations. There is accumulating evidence to suggest that aerobic exercise may serve as an effective treatment option for individuals with PTSD. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing literature exploring aerobic exercise and PTSD and briefly discuss potential mechanisms of PTSD symptom reduction. A search of electronic databases and reference sections of relevant articles published through October 1, 2018 revealed 19 relevant studies that examined aerobic exercise and PTSD symptomatology. A narrative review of extant studies provides encouraging evidence that aerobic exercise interventions alone or as an adjunct to standard treatment may positively impact PTSD symptoms. Potential mechanisms by which aerobic exercise could exert a positive impact in PTSD include exposure and desensitization to internal arousal cues, enhanced cognitive function, exercise-induced neuroplasticity, normalization of hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) function, and reductions in inflammatory markers. Randomized clinical trials and translational neuroscience approaches are required to clarify the efficacy of exercise intervention for PTSD and elucidate potential mechanisms of exercise-induced PTSD symptom reduction.
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Citations
The Role of Exercise in Management of Mental Health Disorders: An Integrative Review
Patrick Smith,Rhonda M. Merwin +1 more
TL;DR: A review of treatment data on exercise interventions and mental health outcomes focuses primarily on depression and anxiety within a health neuroscience framework, highlighting sources of treatment heterogeneity by integrating the critical influences of neurobiological mechanisms enhancing neuroplasticity and behavioral learning of self-regulatory skills.
166
Dysregulation of inflammation, neurobiology, and cognitive function in PTSD: an integrative review.
TL;DR: Evidence of dysregulated inflammation in PTSD is summarized and how the neurobiological underpinnings of PTSD, in the context of fear learning and extinction acquisition and recall, may interact with inflammation is explored.
Physical Exercise as Treatment for PTSD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Frida Björkman,Örjan Ekblom +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different types of exercise on PTSD symptom severity and symptoms of coexisting conditions in adults were systematically reviewed, and a meta-analysis was performed with a mixed-effects model and restricted maximum likelihood as model estimator.
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Pilot randomized controlled trial of exercise training for older veterans with PTSD.
Katherine S. Hall,Katherine S. Hall,Miriam C. Morey,Miriam C. Morey,Hayden B. Bosworth,Hayden B. Bosworth,Jean C. Beckham,Jean C. Beckham,Michelle M. Pebole,Richard Sloane,Richard Sloane,Carl F. Pieper +11 more
TL;DR: Clinically significant improvements in PTSD and related conditions were observed following exercise, suggesting exercise training is safe and acceptable in older adults with PTSD, may improve PTSD symptoms, and broadly impacts PTSD-related conditions.
51
Symptoms improve after a yoga program designed for PTSD in a randomized controlled trial with veterans and civilians
Louanne W. Davis,Arlene A. Schmid,Joanne Daggy,Ziyi Yang,Caitlin E O'Connor,Nancy Schalk,Ai-Nghia L Do,Danka Maric,Donna L. Lazarick,Heidi Knock +9 more
TL;DR: Yoga may be an effective intervention for PTSD in addition to standard treatments, and future yoga trials should consider adding a social component to interventions or booster classes to maintain effects long term.
42
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White Matter Integrity Declined Over 6-Months, but Dance Intervention Improved Integrity of the Fornix of Older Adults
Agnieszka Z. Burzynska,Agnieszka Z. Burzynska,Yuqin Jiao,Anya M. Knecht,Jason Fanning,Elizabeth A. Awick,Tammy Chen,Neha P. Gothe,Michelle W. Voss,Edward McAuley,Arthur F. Kramer,Arthur F. Kramer +11 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that combining physical, cognitive, and social engagement (dance) may help maintain or improve WM health and more physically active lifestyle is associated with slower WM decline.
Semantic memory functional MRI and cognitive function after exercise intervention in mild cognitive impairment.
J. Carson Smith,J. Carson Smith,Kristy A. Nielson,Kristy A. Nielson,Piero Antuono,Jeri Annette Lyons,Ryan J. Hanson,Alissa M. Butts,Nathan C. Hantke,Matthew D. Verber +9 more
TL;DR: Exercise may improve neural efficiency during semantic memory retrieval in MCI and cognitively intact older adults, and may lead to improvement in cognitive function.
Aerobic Exercise Reduces Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
TL;DR: Findings suggest, regardless of attentional focus, aerobic exercise reduces PTSD symptoms, and especially for PTSD hyperarousal and AS physical and social scores.
137
Alterations in the neural circuitry for emotion and attention associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology
Jasmeet P. Hayes,Jasmeet P. Hayes,Kevin S. LaBar,Christopher Petty,Christopher Petty,Gregory McCarthy,Gregory McCarthy,Gregory McCarthy,Rajendra A. Morey,Rajendra A. Morey +9 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that hyperresponsive ventral-limbic activity coupled with altered dorsal-attention and anterior cingulate function may be a neural marker of attention bias in PTSD.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Physical Activity, and Eating Behaviors
TL;DR: There may be a negative association among PTSD, physical activity, and eating behaviors, and preliminary evidence from 3 pilot intervention studies suggests that changes in physical activity or diet may have beneficial effects on PTSD symptoms.
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