Exercise‐Induced Protection Against Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases

TL;DR: The relevance of this review article relies on the need to integrate the current knowledge of proposed mechanisms, focus mitochondria, to explain the protective effects of exercise that might underlie neuroplasticity to explore exercise as a feasible intervention to delay cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative conditions, particularly Alzheimer disease.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of some peripheral and central-related mechanisms that underlie the impact of physical exercise on brain plasticity as well as its relevance for the prevention and/or treatment of NDD.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors quantified annual structure volume change from baseline to 24-months for the hippocampus, putamen, cerebellum, lateral ventricles and thalamus.

TL;DR: High-density oligonucleotide microarray analysis has demonstrated that, in addition to increasing levels of BDNF, exercise mobilizes gene expression profiles that would be predicted to benefit brain plasticity processes, suggesting that exercise could provide a simple means to maintain brain function and promote brain Plasticity.

TL;DR: A key mechanism mediating the broad benefits of exercise on the brain is induction of central and peripheral growth factors and growth factor cascades, which instruct downstream structural and functional change.

TL;DR: Increase in PGC-1alpha levels dramatically protects neural cells in culture from oxidative-stressor-mediated death, providing a potential target for the therapeutic manipulation of these important endogenous toxins.

TL;DR: Recent work is discussed that suggests that the dynamics (fusion and fission) of these organelles is important in development and disease.