Ethanol exposure alters early cardiac function in the looping heart: a mechanism for congenital heart defects?
Ganga Karunamuni,Shi Gu,Yong Qiu Doughman,Lindsy M. Peterson,Katherine Mai,Quinn McHale,Michael W. Jenkins,Kersti K. Linask,Andrew M. Rollins,Michiko Watanabe +9 more
66
TL;DR: In this paper, a single dose of alcohol/ethanol at gastrulation when the embryo is sensitive to the induction of birth defects was shown to contribute to late-stage valve and septal defects.
read more
Abstract: Alcohol-induced congenital heart defects are frequently among the most life threatening and require surgical correction in newborns. The etiology of these defects, collectively known as fetal alcohol syndrome, has been the focus of much study, particularly involving cellular and molecular mechanisms. Few studies have addressed the influential role of altered cardiac function in early embryogenesis because of a lack of tools with the capability to assay tiny beating hearts. To overcome this gap in our understanding, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT), a nondestructive imaging modality capable of micrometer-scale resolution imaging, to rapidly and accurately map cardiovascular structure and hemodynamics in real time under physiological conditions. In this study, we exposed avian embryos to a single dose of alcohol/ethanol at gastrulation when the embryo is sensitive to the induction of birth defects. Late-stage hearts were analyzed using standard histological analysis with a focus on the atrio-ventricular valves. Early cardiac function was assayed using Doppler OCT, and structural analysis of the cardiac cushions was performed using OCT imaging. Our results indicated that ethanol-exposed embryos developed late-stage valvuloseptal defects. At early stages, they exhibited increased regurgitant flow and developed smaller atrio-ventricular cardiac cushions, compared with controls (uninjected and saline-injected embryos). The embryos also exhibited abnormal flexion/torsion of the body. Our evidence suggests that ethanol-induced alterations in early cardiac function have the potential to contribute to late-stage valve and septal defects, thus demonstrating that functional parameters may serve as early and sensitive gauges of cardiac normalcy and abnormalities.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Angiogenic Factor AGGF1 Activates Autophagy with an Essential Role in Therapeutic Angiogenesis for Heart Disease.
Qiulun Lu,Yufeng Yao,Zhenkun Hu,Changqing Hu,Qixue Song,Jian Ye,Chengqi Xu,Annabel Z. Wang,Qiuyun Chen,Qing Kenneth Wang +9 more
TL;DR: It is shown for the first time that AGGF1 activates autophagy, a housekeeping catabolic cellular process, in endothelial cells (ECs), HL1, H9C2, and vascular smooth muscle cells, and it is suggested that maintaining or increasingAutophagy is a highly innovative strategy to robustly boost the efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis.
Optical coherence tomography for embryonic imaging: a review
TL;DR: OCT has bridged the gap between ultrahigh resolution imaging techniques with limited imaging depth like confocal microscopy and modalities, such as ultrasound sonography, which have deeper penetration but poorer spatial resolution.
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Causes Adverse Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Changes and Dysfunction in Neonatal Mice
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that PAE caused adverse changes in the cardiac collagen profile and a decline in cardiac function in the neonatal heart, which leads to cardiac dysfunction.
70
Investigating developmental cardiovascular biomechanics and the origins of congenital heart defects
TL;DR: This chapter will provide the reader with an overview of some of the approaches used to quantify embryonic CV functional maturation and performance, provide several illustrations of experimental interventions that explore the role of biomechanics in the regulation of CV morphogenesis, and identify several critical areas for future investigation as available experimental models and methods expand.
Influence of blood flow on cardiac development.
TL;DR: The time is ripe to unravel the contributions of hemodynamics to cardiac development, and to recognize their frequently neglected role in the occurrence of heart malformation phenotypes.
References
Extraembryonic venous obstructions lead to cardiovascular malformations and can be embryolethal.
TL;DR: Although ligation of each vein resulted in different intracardiac flow patterns, long-term ligation resulted in similar cardiovascular malformations in survivors, and early extraembryonic venous obstruction leads to altered flow patterns which probably result in shear stress changes.
Congenital heart defects and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
TL;DR: Pediatric cardiologists may have frequent contact with children with FASD and increased levels of attention to prenatal alcohol exposure as a potential etiology of CHD is indicated.
158
SERCA2a, Phospholamban, Sarcolipin, and Ryanodine Receptors Gene Expression in Children with Congenital Heart Defects
TL;DR: A complex mechanism aimed to enhance the intracellular Ca2+ reserve in children affected by tetralogy of Fallot is suggested, including the RyR isoform enriched in the heart.
146
Fetal alcohol syndrome: cardiac birth defects in mice and prevention with folate
TL;DR: Folic acid supplementation alone or with myoinositol prevented alcohol potentiation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling that allowed normal gene activation and cardiogenesis.
134
Na,K-ATPase is essential for embryonic heart development in the zebrafish
TL;DR: The identification of a zebrafish mutant, heart and mind, which exhibits multiple cardiac defects, including the primitive heart tube extension abnormality, aberrant cardiomyocyte differentiation, and reduced heart rate and contractility is reported.