Epidemiological, clinical, and virologic features of two family clusters of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infections in Southeast China
Jianfeng Xie,Jianfeng Xie,Yuwei Weng,Yuwei Weng,Jianming Ou,Jianming Ou,Lin Zhao,Yanhua Zhang,Jinzhang Wang,Wei Chen,Meng Huang,Wen-Qiong Xiu,Hongbin Chen,Yongjun Zhang,Binshan Wu,Wenxiang He,Ying Zhu,Libin You,Zhimiao Huang,Canming Zhang,Longtao Hong,Longtao Hong,Wei Wang,Wei Wang,Kuicheng Zheng,Kuicheng Zheng +25 more
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that one family cluster was infected through common exposure to live poultry or contaminated environments, and the other was more likely to be infected through the human-to-human route.
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Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, and virologic characteristics of avian influenza A (H7N9) confirmed cases from two family clusters in Southeast China. Epidemiological data of the H7N9 confirmed cases and their close contacts were obtained through interviews and reviews of medical records. Of the four patients in these two family clusters, two cases had mild symptoms, one had severe symptoms, and one died. Three of the four patients had a history of exposure to live poultry or contaminated environments. The complete genome sequences of the H7N9 viruses from the same family cluster were highly homologous, and the four isolated viruses from the two family clusters exhibited the virologic features of the H7N9 virus, in terms of transmissibility, pathogenicity, host adaptation, and antiviral drug resistance. In addition, our findings indicated that the A/Fujian/18/2015 viral strain contained an additional hemagglutinin G225D substitution, which preferentially binds α2,6-linked sialic acids. The results of this study demonstrate that one family cluster was infected through common exposure to live poultry or contaminated environments, and the other was more likely to be infected through the human-to-human route.
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Citations
H7N9 Influenza Virus in China
Chengjun Li,Hualan Chen +1 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the biological properties of the H7N9 viruses, specifically their genetic evolution, adaptation, pathogenesis, receptor binding, transmission, drug resistance, and antigenic variation, as well as the prevention and control measures.
Zoonotic infections by avian influenza virus: changing global epidemiology, investigation, and control
Mun‐Il Kang,Lifang Wang,Bowen Sun,Wenbo Wang,Xiang Ji,Guy Baele,Yuhai Bi,Marc A. Suchard,Alexander Lai,Min Zhang,Lin Wang,Zhu Yu,Liang Ma,Haipeng Li,Lifang Wang,Yinan Qi,Ruilan Wang,Na He,Shuo Su +18 more
TL;DR: Avian influenza virus continues to pose zoonotic and pandemic threats worldwide, with increasing human infections and the emergence of novel subtypes. Surveillance, diagnostics, and control measures need to be strengthened to mitigate the risks.
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Codon usage characteristics of PB2 gene in influenza A H7N9 virus from different host species.
TL;DR: There is a low codon usage bias in the PB2 gene, which could lay a foundation for other further study on the evolution of H7N9, and their potential applications are discussed.
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A comprehensive comparison of the fifth-wave highly pathogenic and low-pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza viruses reveals potential threat posed by both types of viruses in mammals.
Lihong He,Dong Liu,Jiao Hu,Wenqiang Sun,Ruyi Gao,Lei Shi,Dongchang He,Bo Li,Xiaoquan Wang,Min Gu,Shunlin Hu,Xiaowen Liu,Zenglei Hu,Sujuan Chen,Daxin Peng,Xiufan Liu +15 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that both the HP and LP H7N9 viruses can pose a potential threat to public health, highlighting the importance of the continual surveillance of the H7n9 AIVs.
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The fifth influenza A(H7N9) epidemic: A family cluster of infection in Suzhou city of China, 2016.
Jiajia Wang,Nan Su,Zefeng Dong,Cheng Liu,Pengwei Cui,Jian-An Huang,Cheng Chen,Yehan Zhu,Liling Chen +8 more
TL;DR: The three-amino-acid mutations in HA protein were discovered in this study, which might have increased the binding affinity of influenza A(H7N9) virus to the receptor on trachea epithelial cells to facilitate viral transmission among humans.
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Peirong Jiao,Guobin Tian,Yanbing Li,Guohua Deng,Yongping Jiang,Chang Liu,Weilong Liu,Zhigao Bu,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Yoshihiro Kawaoka,Hualan Chen +10 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the amino acid S42 of NS1 is critical for the H5N1 influenza virus to antagonize host cell interferon induction and for the NS1 protein to prevent the double-stranded RNA-mediated activation of the NF-κB pathway and the IRF-3 pathway.
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