Eosinophils in mucosal immune responses

TL;DR: It is reported that steady-state pulmonary rEos are IL-5-independent parenchymal Siglec-FintCD62L+CD101lo cells with a ring-shaped nucleus, which defines lung rEOS as a distinct eosinophil subset with key homeostatic functions.

TL;DR: In this article, an eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) was shown to activate myeloid dendritic cells by triggering the Toll-like receptor (TLR)2-myeloid differentiation factor 88 signaling pathway, thus establishing EDN as an endogenous ligand of TLR2.

TL;DR: Even in subjects with mild steroid‐naive asthma, differences in the bronchial microbiome are associated with immunologic and clinical features of the disease, suggesting possible microbiome targets for future approaches to asthma treatment or prevention.

TL;DR: Increasing evidence in experimental models indicates that activation/recruitment of eosinophils could represent a new therapeutic strategy for certain tumors (e.g., melanoma) and many unanswered questions should be addressed before it is understood whether eos inophils are an ally, adversary or neutral bystanders in different types of human cancers.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that transgenic mice overexpressing IL-5 under the control of a T cell (CD2) or a small intestinal enterocyte (fatty acid-binding protein) promoter have markedly increased eosinophil numbers in the esophagus.

TL;DR: Observations place iNKT cells at the center of allergic inflammation associated with EoE, which could have profound implications for the understanding, treatment and prevention of this and other human allergic diseases.

TL;DR: The encounter with a 59-year-old female presenting with severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss with an extensive evaluation including an upper endoscopy with biopsies resulting in a diagnosis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis is described.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Arg22, Arg34, Arg61, Arg77 and His64 of ECP are crucial for its membrane destabilization activity, which appears to be the underlying mechanism of its cytotoxic, antibacterial and antiparasitic activities.