Energy conservation via electron bifurcating ferredoxin reduction and proton/Na+ translocating ferredoxin oxidation

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the Rnf complex in D. alaskensis functions as a primary proton pump whose activity is important for growth.

TL;DR: The aim of the review is to inform (advanced) students from various disciplines about the whole potential and the scope of stable isotope characteristics and fractionations and to provide them with a comprehensive introduction to the literature on fundamental aspects and applications.

TL;DR: An adapted stoichiometrically balanced metabolic pathway for butyrate, formate, lactate, CO2, and H2 production by members of both Clostridium cluster IV and XIVabutyrate-producing bacteria was constructed.

TL;DR: In methanogens with cytochromes, the first and last steps in methanogenesis from CO2 are coupled chemiosmotically, whereas in methenogens without cyto Chromes, these steps are energetically coupled by a cytoplasmic enzyme complex that mediates flavin-based electron bifurcation.

TL;DR: The data and analyses presented here highlight the ability to identify organizing metabolic principles from systems-level absolute metabolite concentration data, and facilitate efficient flux reversibility given thermodynamic and osmotic constraints.

TL;DR: A three-dimensional structure for the monomeric iron-containing hydrogenase (CpI) from Clostridium pasteurianum was determined, providing insights into the mechanism of biological hydrogen activation and has broader implications for [Fe-S] cluster structure and function in biological systems.

TL;DR: An overview of the nitrogenase system is presented in this article that emphasizes the structural organization of the proteins and associated metalloclusters that have the remarkable ability to catalyse nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions.