Emergence of Sustained Spontaneous Hyperactivity and Temporary Preservation of off Responses in Ganglion Cells of the Retinal Degeneration (rd1) Mouse

TL;DR: The aggregate results support previous observations that elevated thresholds characterize diseased retinas, and a physiology-driven classification scheme reveals distinct sub-populations of ganglion cells with thresholds either normal or strongly elevated compared to wild-type.

TL;DR: Two networks have been suggested to drive the oscillatory activity in the degenerative retina: a network of remnant cone photoreceptors, rod bipolar cells (RBCs) and horizontal cells in the outer retina and the AII amacrine cell-cone bipolar cell network in the inner retina, which show remarkable differences in their dominant oscillation frequency range.

TL;DR: The structure and function of normal and degenerate retina is reviewed, and the different approaches to prosthetic implant design are described in the context of human and preclinical trials.

TL;DR: These studies provide valuable information regarding the preservation and functional modification of the retinal dopamine neuronal system in rd1 and suggest that dopamine neurons were altered during photoreceptor loss, as evidenced by less spontaneous bursting activity and increased light-evoked responses with age.

TL;DR: Retinal remodeling is not plasticity, but represents the invocation of mechanisms resembling developmental and CNS plasticities and together, neuronal remodeling and the formation of the glial seal may abrogate many cellular and bionic rescue strategies.

TL;DR: The cpfl1 mutation is the first naturally-arising mutation in mice to cause cone-specific photoreceptor function loss and may provide a model for congenital achromatopsia in humans.

TL;DR: Cortical prostheses will be described only because of their direct effect on the concept and technical development of the other prostheses, and this will be done in a more general and historic perspective.

TL;DR: Data presented represent direct proof that electrical synapses are critical for the propagation of rod signals across the mammalian retina, and they demonstrate the existence of multiple rod pathways, each of which is dependent on electricalsynapses.