The theoretical framework of discourse ethics, as developed chiefly by Jurgen Habermas, has significant capacity to contribute to debates around media ethics. By rooting themselves in what are seen as fundamentals of human communication, discourse ethics establish a procedural, social account of ethics which can account for both universal proto-norms and historic and culturally contingent variations. This article explores the approach's fundamental ideas and applies them to the media, seen as an important arena for discourse in modern democracies. Fruitful applications include the development of a refined normative notion of the role of journalism as enabling discourse, which provides a basis for critique. It creates an explicit yardstick against which particular media institutions, practices, sectors and landscapes can be judged for the extent to which they support and enable ideal communication, understood to satisfy norms of inclusivity, openness and justice. In addition, the discourse ethical ...

Discourse ethics and the media

Reporting of two prominent AIDS-related deaths in South Africa in the early 2000s, at a time of intense public controversy about official policy on HIV, provides an illustration of how ethical norms in journalism may shift over time. The media’s coverage of the first death drew strong criticism and debate on ethical grounds, specifically about the balance between privacy and the public interest; truth and evidence; and the limits of advocacy. The change in approach noticeable in the handling of the second case is attributable at least partly to this public discourse on ethical norms and their application. That change became formalised in revisions of the South African Press Code. The example illustrates the way in which Discourse Ethics, as theorised by Apel and Habermas, can provide a framework to understand how shifts in ethical norms may be effected in social discourse. It thereby illustrates one productive application of the theory, and also makes it possible to draw out some implications for the broa...

A Tale of Two Deaths

Until recently it has not been possible to determine differential cross sections for excitation of atoms by electron impact over the complete scattering geometry, due to the physical constraints of the apparatus. The invention in Manchester of the Magnetic Angle Changing (MAC) device which steers electrons to and from the interaction region has now changed this. By utilising super-elastic electron scattering from laser excited atoms within a MAC device, the differential cross sections for electron impact excitation of calcium atoms to the 41P1 state have now been determined from near 0° to beyond 180°. The methods used in these experiments are discussed, and results are presented for the Natural frame parameter L⊥ at energies of 45eV and 55eV. The results are compared to recent calculations using a distorted wave Born approximation.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/88/1/012061/pdf

Super-elastic scattering from calcium over the complete angular range using a magnetic angle changing device

Electron–Atom Collisions: Introduction

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Electron–Atom Collisions: Introduction

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Discourse ethics and the media

A Tale of Two Deaths

Super-elastic scattering from calcium over the complete angular range using a magnetic angle changing device

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