Efflux of sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine by ABCG1

TL;DR: A major goal of the review is to help the reader more easily grasp the metabolic interrelationships that account for the tens of thousands of molecular subspecies that appear in nature, with a focus on mammals.

TL;DR: These studies have shown that the traditional roles of HDL and ABC transporters in cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport are mechanistically linked to antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive functions of HDL.

TL;DR: New studies highlight the central importance of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 in reducing macrophage foam cell formation, inflammation, and atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: This work shows that miR-33 is encoded within SREBP-2 and that both mRNAs are coexpressed, and identifies sequences in the 3′ UTR of ABCA1 and ABCG1, sterol transporter genes both previously shown to be regulated by LXR, as targets for mi R-33–mediated silencing.

TL;DR: Recent progress is discussed in understanding the conformation-specific sorting of proteins at the level of ER retention and export, which is important for the fidelity of cellular functions.

TL;DR: The apical localization in the epithelium of the small intestine and colon indicates a possible role of BCRP in the regulation of the uptake of p.o. delivered B CRP substrates by back-transport of substrate drugs entering from the gut lumen and is consistent with the hypothesis of a protective role ofBCRP for the fetus.

TL;DR: ABCG1 is highly expressed in macrophages and probably mediates cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells to the major HDL fractions, providing a mechanism to explain the relationship between HDL levels and atherosclerosis risk.