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Economic Growth and the Environment
Gene M. Grossman,Alan B. Krueger +1 more
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TL;DR: This article examined the relationship between various environmental indicators and the level of a country's per capita income and found no evidence that environmental quality deteriorates steadily with economic growth, rather, for most indicators, economic growth brings an initial phase of deterioration followed by a subsequent phase of improvement.
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Abstract: Using data assembled by the Global Environmental Monitoring System we examine the reduced-form relationship between various environmental indicators and the level of a country's per capita income. Our study covers four types of indicators: concentrations of urban air pollution; measures of the state of the oxygen regime in river basins; concentrations of fecal contaminants in river basins; and concentrations of heavy metals in river basins. We find no evidence that environmental quality deteriorates steadily with economic growth. Rather, for most indicators, economic growth brings an initial phase of deterioration followed by a subsequent phase of improvement. The turning points for the different pollutants vary, but in most cases they come before a country reaches a per capita income of $8,000.
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An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities
Douglas W. Dockery,C A Pope rd,X Xu,John D. Spengler,James H. Ware,Martha E. Fay,Benjamin G. Ferris,Frank E. Speizer +7 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that fine-particulate air pollution, or a more complex pollution mixture associated with fine particulate matter, contributes to excess mortality in certain U.S. cities.
8K
The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950–1988
Robert Summers,Alan Heston +1 more
TL;DR: The Penn World Table as discussed by the authors is a set of national accounts economic time series covering many countries and its expenditure entries are denominated in common set of prices in a common currency so that real quantity comparisons can be made, both between countries and over time.
3.6K
•Posted Content
The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950-1987
Robert Summers,Alan Heston +1 more
TL;DR: The Penn World Table as discussed by the authors is a set of national accounts economic time series covering many countries and its expenditure entries are denominated in common set of prices in a common currency so that real quantity comparisons can be made, both between countries and over time.
3.1K
Environmental Quality and Development: Is There a Kuznets Curve for Air Pollution Emissions?
Thomas M. Selden,Daqing Song +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the inverted-U relationship between pollution and economic development and found that per capita emissions of suspended particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide exhibit inverted U-shaped relationships with per capita GDP.
3K
Stoking the fires? CO2 emissions and economic growth
TL;DR: The relationship between economic development and carbon dioxide emissions, a greenhouse gas central to global warming predictions, was examined in this article, showing that emissions growth continues because output and population will grow most rapidly in lower-income nations with high marginal propensity to emit (MPE) carbon dioxide.
1.4K