Economic development and converging household carbon footprints in China
Zhifu Mi,Jiali Zheng,Jiali Zheng,Jing Meng,Jiamin Ou,Klaus Hubacek,Klaus Hubacek,Klaus Hubacek,Zhu Liu,D’Maris Coffman,Nicholas Stern,Sai Liang,Yi-Ming Wei +12 more
- 30 Mar 2020
- Vol. 3, Iss: 7, pp 529-537
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper applied an environmentally extended multiregional input-output approach to estimate household carbon footprints for 12 different income groups of China's 30 regions and measured carbon inequality for households across provinces.
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Abstract: There are substantial differences in carbon footprints across households. This study applied an environmentally extended multiregional input–output approach to estimate household carbon footprints for 12 different income groups of China’s 30 regions. Subsequently, carbon footprint Gini coefficients were calculated to measure carbon inequality for households across provinces. We found that the top 5% of income earners were responsible for 17% of the national household carbon footprint in 2012, while the bottom half of income earners caused only 25%. Carbon inequality declined with economic growth in China across space and time in two ways: first, carbon footprints showed greater convergence in the wealthier coastal regions than in the poorer inland regions; second, China’s national carbon footprint Gini coefficients declined from 0.44 in 2007 to 0.37 in 2012. We argue that economic growth not only increases income levels but also contributes to an overall reduction in carbon inequality in China.
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Citations
Spatioethnic Household Carbon Footprints in China and the Equity Implications of Climate Mitigation Policy: A Machine Learning Approach
Anthony Howell
TL;DR: Ethnic minorities in China have significantly lower carbon footprints than the majority population, but face greater inequality in carbon emissions due to their disadvantaged living standards. A carbon tax disproportionately increases inequality in urban areas, while revenue-neutral schemes help mitigate existing inequalities.
2
Comparing the determinants of household carbon footprints between rural and urban: evidence from China household survey data
Bing Liu,Li Chai +1 more
TL;DR: The determinants of carbon footprints between rural and urban households in China are influenced by various factors, including urbanization density effect, old dependency ratio, child dependency ratio, consumption structure ratio, price level of water, electricity and fuel, and private car ownership.
2
Carbon footprint patterns of domestic migrants in China and 1.5 °C mitigation pathways
TL;DR: In this article , an integrated approach was developed to match the Chinese multiregional input-output table with household survey data covering 200,000 migrant survey samples to explore the carbon budgets and trajectories of the migrants and permanent residents to align with the 1.5 °C climate target.
2
Achieving employment dividend in the post-COVID-19 era: An exploration from China's carbon market
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper used the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2019, and estimated the employment outcomes of carbon ETS pilots based on the difference-in-differences model.
2
Regional Differences, Dynamic Evolution and Convergence of Carbon Emissions from Rural Residents’ Living Consumption: Evidence from China
TL;DR: Regional differences, dynamic evolution and convergence of carbon emissions from rural residents’ living consumption in China exhibit significant changes over time and space. The study finds decreasing differences in carbon emissions across income groups and increasing carbon emissions at the national and regional levels. There is also instability in carbon emissions that can be transferred downward to the ideal state, but there is also a risk of increasing the upward shift of carbon emissions.
1
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