Journal Article10.1016/J.JBIOMECH.2018.12.016
Dynamic balance during running using running-specific prostheses.
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TL;DR: Quantifying whole-body angular momentum in eight people with a unilateral transtibial amputation using running-specific prostheses (RSPs) compared to eight people without TTA found that people with TTA had greater ranges of whole- body angular momentum compared to peopleWithout TTA in the frontal and sagittal planes.
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About: This article is published in Journal of Biomechanics. The article was published on 14 Feb 2019. The article focuses on the topics: Population.
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Citations
Segmental contribution to whole-body angular momentum during stepping in healthy young and old adults.
Jérémie Begue,Nicolas Peyrot,Angélique Lesport,Nicolas A. Turpin,Bruno Watier,Georges Dalleau,Teddy Caderby +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of aging on the segment angular momenta and their contributions to the whole-body angular momentum (H) during volitional stepping was investigated, and it was found that older adults had a greater trunk contribution and lower leg contribution to total absolute H in the sagittal plane compared to young adults.
Joint work and ground reaction forces during running with daily-use and running-specific prostheses.
TL;DR: People with TTA had smaller peak braking, propulsive and medial/lateral ground reaction forces from the amputated leg compared to people without TTA, and running-specific prostheses stored and returned more energy and provided greater propulsion, resulting in more similar positive hip work between legs compared to daily-use prostheses.
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Human balance control in 3D running based on virtual pivot point concept.
TL;DR: Novel VPP-based analyses of the postural stability of human running in a 3D space are presented and the ability of the VPP concept in predicting human balance control in running and its applicability for gait assistance are supported.
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Spring-mass behavioural adaptations to acute changes in prosthetic blade stiffness during submaximal running in unilateral transtibial prosthesis users.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated how varying RSP stiffness affects limb stiffness, running performance, and associated joint kinetics in individuals with a unilateral transtibial amputation.
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Running-specific prosthesis model, stiffness and height affect biomechanics and asymmetry of athletes with unilateral leg amputations across speeds
TL;DR: To minimize asymmetry, athletes with unilateral TTA should use an Xtend or Sprinter RSP with 2 cm shorter than recommended height and stiffness based on intended speed.
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References
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Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement
David A. Winter
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TL;DR: The Fourth Edition of Biomechanics as an Interdiscipline: A Review of the Fourth Edition focuses on biomechanical Electromyography, with a focus on the relationship between Electromyogram and Biomechinical Variables.
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Human balance and posture control during standing and walking
TL;DR: The inverted pendulum model permitted us to understand the separate roles of the two mechanisms during these critical unbalancing and rebalancing periods and confirmed the critical importance of the hip abductors/adductors in balance during all phases of standing and walking.
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Muscle contributions to propulsion and support during running
TL;DR: A three-dimensional muscle-actuated simulation of the running gait cycle reveals that the quadriceps and plantarflexors are the major contributors to acceleration of the body mass center during running.
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The prevalence and risk factors of falling and fear of falling among lower extremity amputees.
TL;DR: Falling and fear of falling are pervasive among amputees and comprehensive and ongoing intervention and education should be considered.
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The Effectiveness, Costs and Coastal Protection Benefits of Natural and Nature-Based Defences.
Siddharth Narayan,Michael W. Beck,Borja G. Reguero,Inigo J. Losada,Bregje K. van Wesenbeeck,Nigel Pontee,James N. Sanchirico,Jane Carter Ingram,Glenn Marie Lange,Kelly A. Burks-Copes +9 more
TL;DR: The comparison of costs of nature-based defence projects and engineering structures show that salt-marshes and mangroves can be two to five times cheaper than a submerged breakwater for wave heights up to half a metre and, within their limits, become more cost effective at greater depths.