Journal Article10.1001/ARCHNEUR.1989.00520440075023
Distributed anatomy of transcortical sensory aphasia.
TL;DR: Analysis of the language function of patients with transcortical sensory aphasia, of the influence of sensory modalities on language function, and of the interaction between semantic memory and semantic lexical functions suggests the existence of a specific brain system for semantic functions.
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Abstract: • We examined four patients with transcortical sensory aphasia and eight with milder language disturbances but with similar thalamic and/or temporo-occipital lesions. Specific attention was paid to differentiation of the computed tomographic lesion site of the milder cases from the transcortical sensory aphasia cases. The critical lesion for transcortical sensory aphasia in these patients involved pathways in the posterior periventricular white matter adjacent to the posterior temporal isthmus, pathways that are probably converging on the inferolateral temporo-occipital cortex. Analysis of the language function of these patients, of the influence of sensory modalities on language function, and of the interaction between semantic memory and semantic lexical functions suggests the existence of a specific brain system for semantic functions. This semantic system has a particular distributed anatomy. We propose that damage to this system may have a variety of clinical manifestations in language and in memory, depending on the exact lesion configuration.
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References
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The assessment of aphasia and related disorders
Harold Goodglass,Edith Kaplan +1 more
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TL;DR: This small volume is designed as an introduction to the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Test and deals briefly with the authors' concept of aphasia as a neuropsychological, psycholinguistic phenomena.
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The selective impairment of semantic memory.
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that this impairment of semantic memory cannot be accounted for by intellectual impairment, sensory or perceptual deficits, or expressive language disorder, and some tentative evidence for the structural basis for a hierarchically organized modality-specific semantic memory system is discussed.
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Aphasia in dementia of the Alzheimer type
TL;DR: Speech and language assessment in 30 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type and in 70 normal controls revealed that all Alzheimer patients were aphasic.
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Correlations of subcortical CT lesion sites and aphasia profiles
TL;DR: The aphasia profiles of 19 cases with subcortical infarction or haemorrhage showed several components of the aphasic syndromes, especially sentence length and grammatical form, ease of speech initiation, articulation, voice volume, and auditory comprehension were individually isolated for correlation with CT lesion site.
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