Differences in the composition of vaginal microbial communities found in healthy Caucasian and black women

Abstract: Additional file 1. Supplementary information.

TL;DR: Neighborhood deprivation was associated with a Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal microbiota and may partially explain Black-White disparities in the cervicovaginal microbiota.

Abstract: Background: The tumor microenvironment offers a new perspective in gynecologic oncology. In ovarian cancer, numerous preclinical studies, especially organoid models, have highlighted cellular, immune, and biochemical mechanisms. Beyond these sophisticated findings, more practical aspects require attention, such as the role of vaginal microbiota, which represents an interplay between external agents and internal genitalia, and its potential profiling role in early detection beyond the promise of microbiota-targeted therapies. Objectives: This review aims to assess whether such a correlation is speculative or scientifically grounded. Methods: A focused literature search was conducted on vaginal microbiota and its correlation with ovarian cancer to define the current state of knowledge. Results: Mixed outcomes have been reported, yet there is a rational and scientific basis supporting further investigation. Clinical approaches increasingly consider vaginal microbiota as relevant. However, we have to say that most available evidence is still preliminary and largely preclinical to set realistic expectations for readers. Although additional studies are needed, emerging insights highlight its importance and practical implications. We present a diagnostic–therapeutic management flowchart summarizing current evidence). Discussion: Most links between the vaginal microbiota and ovarian cancer are correlational rather than causal. The idea that microbes ascend from the vagina to the ovaries is proposed but still definitely not demonstrated. Confounding factors like age, hormones, and BRCA status complicate interpretation, and ovarian cancer itself could secondarily alter the microbiota. Mechanistic studies and longitudinal data are still needed to clarify whether dysbiosis contributes to carcinogenesis or is merely a consequence. As gynecologists, we summarize key aspects and emphasize to colleagues the importance of incorporating these findings into daily clinical practice. Vaginal dysbiosis should be considered not only a local imbalance but also a potential strategy for primary cancer prevention. Conclusions: Future research on the tumor microenvironment and vaginal microbiota will expand scientific knowledge and guide innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies.

TL;DR: Few women with BV were colonized with L. crispatus or L. jensenii one month after BV treatment, and few behaviors were associated with colonization.

TL;DR: The neighbor-joining method and Sattath and Tversky's method are shown to be generally better than the other methods for reconstructing phylogenetic trees from evolutionary distance data.

TL;DR: This article presents bootstrap methods for estimation, using simple arguments, with Minitab macros for implementing these methods, as well as some examples of how these methods could be used for estimation purposes.

TL;DR: A set of oligonucleotide primers capable of initiating enzymatic amplification (polymerase chain reaction) on a phylogenetically and taxonomically wide range of bacteria is described in this paper.

TL;DR: A six-part presentation covers principles of microbiology; evolutionary microbiology and microbial diversity; metabolic diversity and microbial ecology; immunology, pathogenicity, and host responses; microbial diseases; andmicroorganisms as tools for industry and research.