Journal Article10.1080/13506285.2013.821428
Development of own-race biases
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TL;DR: This paper examined the emergence and development of perceptual and social biases towards own-race individuals and found that infants with an abundance of visual experience with own race individuals, but little to no experience with other race individuals showed an early emergence of an own race bias in facial preferences and face recognition abilities.
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Abstract: This review examines the emergence and development of perceptual and social biases towards own-race individuals. We first discuss evidence regarding the early emergence of an own-race bias in facial preferences and face recognition abilities demonstrated by infants with an abundance of visual experience with own-race individuals, but little to no experience with other-race individuals. We then consider perceptual categorization of face race, visual scanning, and differential processing of own- and other-race faces in relation to recognition of face identity. Finally, we review evidence regarding own-race preferences for social partners and own-race biases in social evaluations that emerge during early childhood. Implications of the existing evidence for understanding the role of experience in perceptual development and the emergence of racial preferences and stereotypes are discussed.
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Citations
Sex differences and the own-gender bias in face recognition: A meta-analytic review
Agneta Herlitz,Johanna Lovén +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the literature on sex differences and the own-gender bias in face recognition and find that girls and women remember more faces than boys and men do.
310
The Development of Social Categorization
TL;DR: This review details the multiple developmental processes that underlie social categorization, a universal mechanism for making sense of a vast social world with roots in perceptual, conceptual, and social systems.
121
Revisiting the Jezebel stereotype: The impact of target race on sexual objectification
TL;DR: The overt objectification and dehumanization of Black people has a long history throughout the Western world as discussed by the authors and few researchers have explored whether such perceptions still persist implicitly implicitly in Black people.
110
Ageing faces in ageing minds: A review on the own-age bias in face recognition
TL;DR: In this paper, an own-age bias in face memory was demonstrated in participants older than approximately 5 years, and participants with substantial contact with other-age persons showed either reduced or absent OAB effects.
95
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Rebecca S. Bigler,Lynn S. Liben +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new theoretical model, developmental intergroup theory (DIT), is proposed to address the causal ingredients of social stereotyping and prejudice, which suggests that biases may be largely under environmental control and thus might be shaped via educational, social, and legal policies.
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Developmental Changes in Perception of Nonnative Vowel Contrasts
Linda Polka,Janet F. Werker +1 more
TL;DR: Discrimination of 2 German vowel contrasts was examined in English-learning infants of 6-8 and 10-12 months of age, revealing a shift from a language-general toward alanguage-specific pattern during the 1st year of life, however, that shift begins earlier in development for vowels than for consonants.
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Three-month-olds, but not newborns, prefer own-race faces
David J. Kelly,Paul C. Quinn,Alan Slater,Kang Lee,Alan Gibson,M. Smith,Liezhong Ge,Olivier Pascalis +7 more
TL;DR: Newborns and young infants and 3-month-old infants tested for sensitivity to ethnicity using a visual preference paradigm suggest preferential selectivity based on ethnic differences is not present in the first days of life, but is learned within the first 3 months of life.