Journal Article10.1021/ES300593A
Development and calibration of a passive sampler for perfluorinated alkyl carboxylates and sulfonates in water
Sarit Kaserzon,Karen Kennedy,Darryl William Hawker,Jack Thompson,Steve Carter,Anthony C. Roach,Kees Booij,Jochen F. Mueller +7 more
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TL;DR: The first passive sampler for the quantitative assessment of concentrations of perfluorinated alkylcarboxylates and sulfonates in water is described, based on a modified Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler with a weak anion exchange sorbent as a receiving phase.
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Abstract: Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are emerging environmental contaminants with a global distribution. Due to their moderate water solubility, the majority of the environmental burden is assumed to be in the water phase. This work describes the application of the first passive sampler for the quantitative assessment of concentrations of perfluorinated alkylcarboxylates (PFCAs) and sulfonates (PFSAs) in water. The sampler is based on a modified Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) with a weak anion exchange sorbent as a receiving phase. Sampling rates were between 0.16 and 0.37 L d(-1), and the duration of the kinetic sampling stage was between 2.2 and 13 d. A field deployment in the most urbanized estuary in Australia (Sydney Harbour) showed trace level concentrations from passive samplers (0.1-12 ng L-1), in good agreement with parallel grab sampling (0.2-16 ng L-1). A separate field comparison of the modified POCIS with standard POCIS suggests the latter may have application for PFC sampling, but with a more limited range of analytes than the modified POCIS which contains a sorbent with a mixed mode of action.
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Citations
Calibration and use of the polar organic chemical integrative sampler—a critical review
TL;DR: Overall, POCIS has been applied to a wide range of sampling environments and scenarios and has been proven to be a useful screening tool, however, a more mechanistic approach is required to increase understanding and thus improve the quantitative nature of the measurements.
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Global occurrence and probabilistic environmental health hazard assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in groundwater and surface waters.
Bryan W. Brooks,Jaylen L. Sims,Kevin M. Stroski,Sujin Kim,Grace Killeen,Ricardo Ehalt,Matt F. Simcik,Bryan W. Brooks +7 more
TL;DR: This article examined 371 peer-reviewed studies published since 2001 to understand the occurrence and distribution of 24 priority per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in global surface waters and groundwater.
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Fluorinated Precursor Compounds in Sediments as a Source of Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids (PFAA) to Biota
Håkon Austad Langberg,Håkon Austad Langberg,Gijs D. Breedveld,Gijs D. Breedveld,Gøril Aasen Slinde,Hege Mentzoni Grønning,Åse Høisæter,Åse Høisæter,Morten Jartun,Thomas Rundberget,Bjørn Munro Jenssen,Sarah E. Hale +11 more
TL;DR: Investigation of the environmental behaviour of perfluorinated alkyl acids in lake Tyrifjorden suggests that hydrophobic precursors in sediments undergo transformation and are a main source of PFAA accumulation in top predator fish.
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Use of Mixed-Mode Ion Exchange Sorbent for the Passive Sampling of Organic Acids by Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS)
Vincent Fauvelle,Nicolas Mazzella,François Delmas,Karine Madarassou,Mélissa Eon,Hélène Budzinski +5 more
TL;DR: This work proposes to compare the conventional pharmaceutical polar organic chemical integrative sampler with modified POCISs containing two different receiving phases: a standard polystyrene divinylbenzene polymer with a higher specific surface area (Chromabond HR-X) and a mixed-mode anion exchange sorbent providing additional strong anions exchange interaction sites (Oasis MAX).
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