Design strategies towards transition metal single atom catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction – A review
Yaojia Cheng,Hao Wang,Haoqiang Song,Kan Zhang,Geoffrey I. N. Waterhouse,Jiangwei Chang,Zhiyong Tang,Siyu Lu +7 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors focus on the latest progress in the design of transition metal single atom catalysts (TM SACs) for ORR, placing particular attention on efforts to elucidate reaction mechanisms.
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Abstract: The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is pivotal in energy conversion <i>via</i> a 4e<sup>−</sup> ORR pathway and green hydrogen peroxide production <i>via</i> 2e<sup>−</sup> ORR pathway. Transition metal single atom catalysts (TM SACs) have attracted intense attention in recent years for ORR due to their high activity and near maximum metal atom utilization. The future development of TM SACs for ORR requires improved understanding of reaction pathways, since currently the true origin of activity remains contentious owing to the lack of qualitative/quantitative information about active sites. Knowledge-guided design is imperative for the optimization of TM SACs performance in terms of activity and selectivity. This review focuses on the latest progress in the design of TM SACs for ORR, placing particular attention on efforts to elucidate reaction mechanisms. Experimental evidence based on <i>in-situ/operando</i> characterization measurements, along with theoretical predictions, are summarized to deepen understanding of the structure-performance relationships at both atomic and molecular level. Finally, some perspectives are offered relating to the fundamental science needed for TM SACs to find practical application in energy storage and conversion devices. We hope this review will inspire the development of new synthetic routes towards high-performance ORR electrocatalysts for the energy sector.
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Citations
Integrating Host Design and Tailored Electronic Effects of Yolk-Shell Zn-Mn Diatomic Sites for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction.
Jiajing Pei,Li Yang,Jie Lin,Zedong Zhang,Zhiyi Sun,Dingsheng Wang,Wenxing Chen +6 more
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TL;DR: Researchers design selenium-based dual-atom catalysts with heteronuclear SeN2-MN2 active sites for efficient oxygen reduction, achieving superior alkaline ORR performance and high specific capacity in Zn-air batteries through precise charge distribution and coadsorption of intermediates.
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Precisely Constructing Charge-Asymmetric Dual-Atom Fe Sites Supported on Hollow Porous Carbon Spheres for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
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TL;DR: Precisely constructed charge-asymmetric dual-atom Fe sites on hollow porous carbon spheres enhance the efficiency of oxygen reduction reaction in acidic media.
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