Open Access
Desarrollo de algoritmos de toma de decisión aplicados a las ciudades inteligentes
David Gómez Sánchez-Pascuala
- 31 Oct 2015
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors define the concept of smart cities as the use of information and communication technologies to make the critical infrastructure components and services of a city more intelligent, interconnected and efficient and citizens can be also aware of them.
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Abstract: Este trabajo se enmarca dentro del ambito de las Ciudades Inteligentes. Una Ciudad Inteligente se puede definir como aquella ciudad que usa las tecnologias de la informacion y las comunicaciones para hacer que tanto su infraestructura critica, como sus componentes y servicios publicos ofrecidos sean mas interactivos, eficientes y los ciudadanos
puedan ser mas conscientes de ellos. Se trata de un concepto emergente que presenta una serie de retos de diseno que se deben abordar. Dos retos importantes
son la variabilidad del contexto con el tiempo y la incertidumbre en la informacion del contexto.
Una parte fundamental de estos sistemas, y que permite abordar estos retos, son los mecanismos de toma de decision. Estos mecanismos permiten a los sistemas modificar
su comportamiento en funcion de los cambios que detecten en su contexto, de manera que puedan adaptarse y responder adecuadamente a la situacion en cada momento.
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de algoritmos de toma de decision en el marco de las Ciudades Inteligentes. En particular, se ha disenado e implementado,
utilizando el software MATLAB, un algoritmo de toma de decision que aborda los retos mencionados y que se puede aplicar en una de las areas que engloban las Ciudades
Inteligentes: los Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte.
Este proyecto se estructura fundamentalmente en dos partes: una parte teorica y una parte practica. En la parte teorica se trata de proporcionar al lector nociones basicas
sobre los conceptos de Ciudad Inteligente y Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte, asi como de la toma de decision. Tambien se explican los pasos del procedimiento de la toma de decision y se proporciona un estado del arte de los algoritmos de toma de decision existentes.
Por otro lado, la segunda parte de este proyecto es totalmente original, y en ella el autor propone un algoritmo de toma de decision para ser aplicado en el ambito de los Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte y desarrolla la implementacion en MATLAB del algoritmo
mencionado. Por ultimo, para demostrar su funcionamiento, se valida el algoritmo en un escenario de aplicacion consistente en un sistema inteligente de gestion del trafico.
ABSTRACT.
This master thesis is framed under Smart Cities environment. A Smart City can be defined as the use of Information and Communication Technologies to make the critical infrastructure components and services of a city more intelligent, interconnected and efficient and citizens can be also more aware of them. Smart City is a new concept
which presents a novel set of design challenges that must be addressed. Two important challenges are the changeable context and the uncertainty of context information.
One of the essential parts of Smart Cities, which enables to address these challenges, are decision making mechanisms. Based on the information collected of the context, these systems can be configured to change its behavior whenever certain changes are detected, so that they can adapt themselves and response to the current situation properly.
This master thesis is aimed at developing decision making algorithms under Smart Cities framework. In particular, a decision making algorithm which addresses the abovementioned
challenges and that can be applied to one of the main categories of Smart Cities, named Intelligent Transportation Systems, has been designed and implemented.
To do so, MATLAB software has been used.
This project is mainly structured in two parts: a theoretical part and a practical part.
In theoretical part, basic ideas about the concept of Smart Cities and Intelligent Transportation Systems are given, as well as the concept of decision making. The steps of the
decision making procedure are also explained and a state of the art of existing decision making algorithms is provided.
On the other hand, the second part of this project is totally original. In this part, the author propose a decision making algorithm that can be applied to Intelligent Transportation Systems and develops the implementation of the algorithm in MATLAB. Finally, to
show the operation of the algorithm, it is validated in an application scenario consisting in a smart traffic management system.
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References
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