Cutting Edge: Human Vagus Produces Specialized Proresolving Mediators of Inflammation with Electrical Stimulation Reducing Proinflammatory Eicosanoids.
TL;DR: Electrical vagus stimulation increased SPM in both human and mouse vagus as did incubations with Escherichia coli, suggesting that this vagus SPM circuit contributes to a new proresolving vagal reflex.
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Abstract: Inflammatory resolution is a process that, when uncontrolled, impacts many organs and diseases. As an active, self-limited inflammatory process, resolution involves biosynthesis of specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) (e.g., lipoxins, resolvins [Rv], protectins, and maresins). Because vagal stimulation impacts inflammation, we examined human and mouse vagus ex vivo to determine if they produce lipid mediators. Using targeted lipid mediator metabololipidomics, we identified lipoxins, Rv, and protectins produced by both human and mouse vagus as well as PGs and leukotrienes. Human vagus produced SPM (e.g., RvE1, NPD1/PD1, MaR1, RvD5, and LXA4) on stimulation that differed from mouse (RvD3, RvD6, and RvE3), demonstrating species-selective SPM. Electrical vagus stimulation increased SPM in both human and mouse vagus as did incubations with Escherichia coli. Electrical vagus stimulation increased SPM and decreased PGs and leukotrienes. These results provide direct evidence for vagus SPM and eicosanoids. Moreover, they suggest that this vagus SPM circuit contributes to a new proresolving vagal reflex.
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Citations
G protein subunit Gγ13-mediated signaling pathway is critical to the inflammation resolution and functional recovery of severely injured lungs
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TL;DR: G γ 13-mediated signaling pathway is critical to the inflammation resolution and functional recovery of severely injured lungs.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Specialized Proresolving Lipid Mediators on Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study
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G protein subunit Gγ13-mediated signaling pathway is critical to the inflammation resolution and functional recovery of severely injured lungs
Yihong Li,Yi-Sen Yang,Yan-Bo Xue,Hao Lei,Sai-Sai Zhang,Junbin Qian,Yushi Yao,Ruhong Zhou,Liquan Huang +8 more
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Jiulong Li,Qian Xiang,Tian Xia,Huan Meng,Huan Meng +4 more
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Additional file 1 of Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of treatment with an SPMs-enriched oil on chronic pain and inflammation, functionality, and quality of life in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: GAUDI study
Rodas Gil
- 13 Aug 2024
TL;DR: This supplementary file presents blood test results from 51 patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis participating in the GAUDI study, providing baseline data on various biomarkers related to chronic pain and inflammation.
References
Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology
TL;DR: The mechanisms of specialized pro-resolving mediators and omega-3 essential fatty acid pathways that could help us to understand their physiological functions are covered.
Leukotrienes and lipoxins: structures, biosynthesis, and biological effects
TL;DR: The multiple interaction of lipoxygenases generates compounds that can regulate specific cellular responses of importance in inflammation and immunity.
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Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cytokine production and attenuates disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis
F. A. Koopman,Sangeeta S. Chavan,Sanda Miljko,Simeon Grazio,Sekib Sokolovic,P. Richard Schuurman,Ashesh D. Mehta,Yaakov A. Levine,Michael A. Faltys,Ralph Zitnik,Kevin J. Tracey,Paul P. Tak +11 more
TL;DR: Vagus nerve stimulation targeting the inflammatory reflex modulates TNF production and reduces inflammation in humans is established, suggesting that it is possible to use mechanism-based neuromodulating devices in the experimental therapy of RA and possibly other autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.
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The vagus nerve and the inflammatory reflex—linking immunity and metabolism
TL;DR: Thevagus nerve has an important role in regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and efferent vagus nerve-mediated cholinergic signalling controls immune function and proinflammatory responses via the inflammatory reflex.
Resolvins RvE1 and RvD1 attenuate inflammatory pain via central and peripheral actions
Zhen-Zhong Xu,Ling Zhang,Tong Liu,Jong Yeon Park,Temugin Berta,Rong Yang,Charles N. Serhan,Ru-Rong Ji +7 more
TL;DR: It is reported that peripheral or spinal administration of RvE1 or RvD1 in mice potently reduces inflammatory pain behaviors induced by intraplantar injection of formalin, carrageenan or complete Freund's adjuvant without affecting basal pain perception.