Journal Article10.1093/INFDIS/152.3.577
Cutaneous, Ocular, and Osteoarticular Candidiasis in Heroin Addicts: New Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects in 38 Patients
Bertrand Dupont,E. Drouhet +1 more
TL;DR: Of 38 heroin addicts treated for systemic candidal infections, 36 had metastatic cutaneous lesions (deep-seated scalp nodules and pustulosis in hairy zones), 15 had ocular localizations, and 10 had osteoarticular involvement (vertebrae, costal cartilage, knees, and sacroiliac).
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Abstract: Of 38 heroin addicts treated for systemic candidal infections, 36 had metastatic cutaneous lesions (deep-seated scalp nodules and pustulosis in hairy zones), 15 had ocular localizations (mainly chorioretinitis), and 10 had osteoarticular involvement (vertebrae, costal cartilage, knees, and sacroiliac). Such cutaneous lesions have not previously been described in classical systemic candidiasis; we also observed hair invasion by candidal hyphae. Candida albicans was the exclusive species isolated, in contrast to other visceral candidiases in heroin addicts. All isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B, flucytosine, and ketoconazole. Thirty-one visceral localizations were treated only with ketoconazole. Results were favorable in 15 of 18 cutaneous, 6 of 6 ocular, and 4 of 7 osteoarticular cases of involvement. This outbreak coincided with introduction of a new heroin on the drug market in the Paris area. C. albicans was not isolated from the drug. Pathogenesis of this syndrome is unclear.
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•Journal Article
Alteration of T and null lymphocyte frequencies in the peripheral blood of human opiate addicts: in vivo evidence for opiate receptor sites on T lymphocytes.
R J McDonough,John J. Madden,Arthur Falek,Shafer Da,M Pline,David Gordon,P.J. Bokos,J C Kuehnle,J Mendelson +8 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that opiates can alter T lymphocyte number and function in vivo is supported and it is suggested that this alteration may produce a significant degeneration in the immune competence of street opiate addicts.
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