What are the definitions of risky professions?

Risky professions would be a term for those that provide care or services to the public such as nurses, customer services staff and emergency services staff that experience vastly disproportionate crime.

What is the definition of a hot route?

The term ‘hot routes’ has been used in the urban planning literature to refer to roads with high traffic flow (Li et al. 2007) so perhaps risky routes distinguishes those with disproportionate crime.

What is the second step of the model of repeat victimization and high crime areas?

The second step of the model of repeat victimization and high crime areas added the boost component - victimized targets having a heightened risk of further crime.

What is the meaning of a crime spree?

A crime spree or spate usually means more than two similar crimes in a short time period, suggesting they are intense near repeats.

Open AccessJournal Article10.1057/CPCS.2015.17

Crime concentration theory

Graham Farrell

- 14 Oct 2015

- Crime Prevention and Community Safety

- Vol. 17, Iss: 4, pp 233-248

TL;DR: A range of concepts and lexicon of terms denote crime's tendency to concentrate as discussed by the authors, including repeat offending, repeat and near repeat victimization, geographical hotspots, and hot products.

Abstract: A range of concepts and lexicon of terms denote crime’s tendency to concentrate. The most established are repeat offending, repeat and near repeat victimization, geographical hotspots, and hot products. Complementary terms include hot dots, hot places, hot targets, super-targets, risky facilities, risky routes, crime sprees and spates. This study charts the relationships, offers a potentially unifying concept and examines the causal mechanisms by which crime becomes concentrated. It is concluded that further effort to integrate concepts and explanations relating to concentrations of crime may provide insights useful to theory, policy and practice.

AI Agents for this Paper

Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps

Most frequently asked questions

1. What are the contributions in "Published as farrell, g. (2015) crime prevention and community safety: an international journal, 17(4); 233-248. crime concentration theory" ?

This study charts the relationships, offers a potentially unifying concept, and examines the causal mechanisms by which crime becomes concentrated.. It is concluded that further effort to integrate concepts and explanations relating to concentrations of crime may provide insights useful to theory, policy and practice.. Suggested keywords: crime concentration ; repeat victimization ; hot products ; hotspots ; near repeats ; event linkage analysis.

2. What are the future works mentioned in the paper "Published as farrell, g. (2015) crime prevention and community safety: an international journal, 17(4); 233-248. crime concentration theory" ?

It has explored the possibility for the integration of concepts as near repeats, and integration through investigation of the underlying theoretical causal mechanisms.

3. What is the main characteristic of attractors?

The interaction-contagion model incorporates increases in the interactions between suitable targets and unguarded environments plus the same offenders returning, in addition to the increase in likely offenders that is the main characteristic of attractors.

4. What is the definition of crime careers?

The notion of crime careers, whether of victims, places, products, or offenders, implies change in concentration of crime over time.

Citations

•Journal Article•10.1186/S40163-018-0093-5

To the moon: defining and detecting cryptocurrency pump-and-dumps

Josh Kamps, +2 more

- 01 Dec 2018

- Crime Science

TL;DR: The findings suggest that there are some signals in the trading data that might help detect pump-and-dump schemes, and these are demonstrated in the detection system by examining several real-world cases and found that fraudulent activity clusters on specific cryptocurrency exchanges and coins.

...read moreread less

169

•Journal Article•10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0183110

The scaling of crime concentration in cities.

Marcos Oliveira, +2 more

- 11 Aug 2017

- PLOS ONE

TL;DR: Though criminal activities present regularities of concentration, it is found that criminal ranks have the tendency to change continuously over time—features that support the perspective of crime as a complex system and demand analyses and evolving urban policies covering the city as a whole.

...read moreread less

•Journal Article•10.1186/S40163-017-0070-4

Compared to what? Estimating the relative concentration of crime at places using systematic and other reviews

John E. Eck, +3 more

- 17 Jul 2017

- Crime Science

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors synthesize results from three systematic reviews and review other literatures to provide preliminary answers to the question: is crime more or less concentrated at places than other phenomena? If it is not, then crime concentration maybe the result of standard ubiquitous processes that operate in nature.

...read moreread less

•Journal Article•10.1007/S10940-017-9354-9

Measuring the Distribution of Crime and Its Concentration

Rafael Prieto Curiel, +2 more

- 01 Sep 2018

- Journal of Quantitative Criminology

TL;DR: A new technique to measure the concentration of crime which takes into account its low frequency of occurrence and its high degree of concentration in such a way that this measure is comparable over time and over different populations is developed.

...read moreread less

•Journal Article•10.1038/SREP32369

A measure of the concentration of rare events.

Rafael Prieto Curiel, +1 more

- 31 Aug 2016

- Scientific Reports

TL;DR: The RECC is introduced, an index of the dispersion/concentration of events which have a low frequency but tend to have a high level of concentration, such as the number of crimes suffered by a person, that is a measure of the concentration of events over different time periods and over different regions.

...read moreread less

...

Expand

References

•Book Chapter•10.4324/9781439817803-12

Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach

Lawrence E. Cohen, +1 more

- 01 Aug 1979

- American Sociological Review

TL;DR: In this paper, a "routine activity approach" is presented for analyzing crime rate trends and cycles. But rather than emphasizing the characteristics of offenders, with this approach, the authors concentrate upon the circumstances in which they carry out predatory criminal acts, and hypothesize that the dispersion of activities away from households and families increases the opportunity for crime and thus generates higher crime rates.

...read moreread less

8.1K

Journal Article•10.1111/J.1745-9125.1989.TB00862.X

Hot Spots of Predatory Crime: Routine Activities and the Criminology of Place

Lawrence W. Sherman, +2 more

- 01 Feb 1989

- Criminology

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used spatial data on 323,979 calls to police over all 115,000 addresses and intersections in Minneapolis over 1 year, showing that crime is both rare (only 3.6% of the city could have had a robbery with no repeat addresses) and concentrated, although the magnitude of concentration varies by offense type.

...read moreread less

2.1K

•Book

Delinquency in a birth cohort

Marvin E. Wolfgang, +2 more

- 01 Jan 1972

•Journal Article•10.1057/PALGRAVE.SJ.8350066

The Utility of Hotspot Mapping for Predicting Spatial Patterns of Crime

Spencer Chainey, +2 more

- 29 Jan 2008

- Security Journal

TL;DR: This research uses crime data for a period before a fixed date (that has already passed) to generate hotspot maps, and test their accuracy for predicting where crimes will occur next, indicating that crime hotspot mapping prediction abilities differ between the different techniques and differ by crime type.

...read moreread less

608

•Posted Content

Crime Places in Crime Theory

John E. Eck, +2 more

- 12 Jul 2015

- Social Science Research Network

TL;DR: A review of the 14 original articles in this volume can be found in this paper, where five areas of research help us understand the importance of places: crime concentration about particular facilities (e.g., bars); the high concentration of crime at some addresses and the absence of crime in others; the preventive effects of various place features; the mobility of offenders; and studies of how offenders select targets.

...read moreread less

497

...

Expand

Crime concentration theory

Chat with Paper

AI Agents for this Paper

Most frequently asked questions

1. What are the contributions in "Published as farrell, g. (2015) crime prevention and community safety: an international journal, 17(4); 233-248. crime concentration theory" ?

2. What are the future works mentioned in the paper "Published as farrell, g. (2015) crime prevention and community safety: an international journal, 17(4); 233-248. crime concentration theory" ?

3. What is the main characteristic of attractors?

4. What is the definition of crime careers?

5. What are the definitions of risky professions?

6. What is the definition of a hot route?

7. What is the second step of the model of repeat victimization and high crime areas?

8. What is the meaning of a crime spree?

Figures

Citations

To the moon: defining and detecting cryptocurrency pump-and-dumps

The scaling of crime concentration in cities.

Compared to what? Estimating the relative concentration of crime at places using systematic and other reviews

Measuring the Distribution of Crime and Its Concentration

A measure of the concentration of rare events.

References

Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach

Hot Spots of Predatory Crime: Routine Activities and the Criminology of Place

Delinquency in a birth cohort

The Utility of Hotspot Mapping for Predicting Spatial Patterns of Crime

Crime Places in Crime Theory

Related Papers (5)

The law of crime concentration and the criminology of place

Hot Spots of Predatory Crime: Routine Activities and the Criminology of Place

Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach

Visual Analysis of Predictive Policing to Improve Crime Investigation

Policing Crime Hot Spots