Cortical evolution: judge the brain by its cover.

TL;DR: The results help resolve previous inconsistencies regarding the structural development of the cerebral cortex from childhood to adulthood, and provide novel insight into how changes in the different dimensions of the cortex in this period of life are inter-related.

TL;DR: High-resolution 3D maps of chromatin contacts during human corticogenesis are generated, permitting large-scale annotation of previously uncharacterized regulatory relationships relevant to the evolution of human cognition and disease.

TL;DR: This work ties cell-cycle progression with early cell fate decisions during neurogenesis, demonstrating that differentiation occurs on a transcriptomic continuum; rather than only expressing a few transcription factors that drive cell fates, differentiating cells express broad, mixed cell-type transcriptomes before telophase.

TL;DR: The size and extent of folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex are important factors that influence a species' cognitive abilities and sensorimotor skills and may lead to new medical treatments for certain disorders.

TL;DR: The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project provides new insights into the organization and regulation of the authors' genes and genome, and is an expansive resource of functional annotations for biomedical research.

TL;DR: The rapidly advancing field of long ncRNAs is reviewed, describing their conservation, their organization in the genome and their roles in gene regulation, and the medical implications.

TL;DR: A human pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional organoid culture system that develops various discrete, although interdependent, brain regions that include a cerebral cortex containing progenitor populations that organize and produce mature cortical neuron subtypes is developed.

TL;DR: The radial unit model provides a framework for understanding cerebral evolution, epigenetic regulation of the parcellation of cytoarchitectonic areas, and insight into the pathogenesis of certain cortical disorders in humans.