Core–Shell ZIF-8@ZIF-67-Derived CoP Nanoparticle-Embedded N-Doped Carbon Nanotube Hollow Polyhedron for Efficient Overall Water Splitting

TL;DR: A wide range of applications based on these materials for ORR, OER, HER and multifunctional electrocatalysis are discussed, with an emphasis on the required features of MOF-derived carbon-based materials for the Electrocatalysis of corresponding reactions.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the design and fabrication of one-, two- and three-dimensional MOFs at micro/nanoscale, and their direct applications in batteries, supercapacitors and electrocatalysis.

TL;DR: Recent research progress on the support and interface effects in HER, OER, and overall water-splitting electrocatalysts is highlighted and the correlation between the electronic interaction of the constituent components and the electrocatalyst performance is profoundly discussed.

Abstract: The sustainable and scalable production of hydrogen through hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen through oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting demands efficient and robust electrocatalysts. Currently, state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts of Pt and IrO2/RuO2 exhibit the benchmark catalytic activity toward HER and OER, respectively. However, expanding their practical application is hindered by their exorbitant price and scarcity. Therefore, the development of alternative effective electrocatalysts for water splitting is crucial. In the last few decades, substantial effort has been devoted to the development of alternative HER/OER and water splitting catalysts based on various transition metals (including Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, and atomic Pt) which show promising catalytic activities and durability. In this review, after a brief introduction and basic mechanism of HER/OER, the authors systematically discuss the recent progress in design, synthesis, and application of single atom and cluster‐based HER/OER and water splitting catalysts. Moreover, the crucial factors that can tune the activity of catalysts toward HER/OER and water splitting such as morphology, crystal defects, hybridization of metals with nonmetals, heteroatom doping, alloying, and formation of metals inside graphitic layered materials are discussed. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspectives for improving the performance of electrocatalysts for water splitting are addressed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Co 2 P nanorods were found to exhibit efficient catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), with the overpotential required for the current density of 20mV as small as 167mV in acidic solution and 171 mV in basic solution.

TL;DR: The synergistic effect of CoS2, graphene, and CNTs leads to unique coS2 /RGO-CNT nanoarchitectures, the HER activity of which is among the highest for non-noble metal electrocatalysts, showing 10 mA cm(-2) current density at about 142 mV overpotentials and a high electrochemical stability.

TL;DR: Under UV illumination in both acidic and neutral-pH solutions, FeP nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 produced H2 at rates and amounts that begin to approach those of Pt/TiO2, therefore FeP is a highly Earth-abundant material for efficiently facilitating the HER both electrocatalytic and photocatalytically.

TL;DR: By a novel in situ chemical vapor deposition, activated N-doped hollow carbon-nanotube/carbon-nanofiber composites are prepared having a superhigh specific Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and total pore volume, which makes it a superior anode material for a Li-ion battery.